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Beta Thalassemia
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Beta thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin. Low levels of hemoglobin can lead to a lack of oxygen in many parts of the body. Beta thalassemia is classified into two types depending on the severity of symptoms: thalassemia major, also known as Cooley’s anemia, and thalassemia intermedia. Of the two types, thalassemia major is more severe.
Preliminary Studies
Published in Lisa Chasan-Taber, Writing Grant Proposals in Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, and Biostatistics, 2022
Students often struggle with how to interpret a beta coefficient in layperson's terms. A beta represents the mean change in the outcome variable for a unit change in the exposure of interest. For example, let's say you conducted an analysis of television watching (exposure variable) and weight (outcome variable). Weight is a continuous outcome variable (pounds [lb]), so you chose multivariable linear regression. Your model yielded a beta coefficient of 0.2.
Respiratory, endocrine, cardiac, and renal topics
Published in Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara, Paediatric Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara
The main side effects of beta-blockers are hypotension, dizziness, and brady-cardia. Fatigue and headaches are also reported. Special attention must be given to fluid retention when beta-blockers are introduced. Patients should be weighed daily.
Focus on cardiometabolic risk factors
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), a group of novel antidiabetic agents, demonstrated beneficial cardiovascular effects in recent large, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trials (RCTs) [18]. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment with GLP-1RAs does not significantly affect the risk for major cardiac arrhythmias [19]. The abnormal composition of the gut microbiota is linked to the pathogenesis and propagation of CVD and CVD risk factors. Nagarajan’s review discussed various aspects of the interaction between the microbiome and the immune system in order to reveal causative links relating dysbiosis and autoimmune diseases with special emphasis on rheumatic heart disease [20]. Hypothyroidism can result in decreased cardiac output, increased systemic vascular resistance, decreased arterial compliance, and atherosclerosis. Subclinical hypothyroidism is a highly prevalent disease worldwide but remains challenging to diagnose. The influence of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart and cardiovascular system has been much less studied, necessitating additional studies [21]. Beta-blockers block are widely prescribed for angina, heart failure and some heart rhythm disorders, and to control blood pressure. In patients with myocardial bridge, beta-blockers have a beneficial effect on left ventricular function [22].
Association of beta blocker use and hearing ability in adults: a cross-sectional study
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2022
Deanna Wung, Thadé Goderie, Marieke F. van Wier, Mariska Stam, Sophia E. Kramer
This study enriches the existing literature with a more clinically relevant viewpoint on the relationship between medication use and hearing ability. A previous cross-sectional study using NL-SH data also investigated medication use and hearing ability (Stam et al. 2015) and found no significant relationship between hearing ability and the odds of reporting beta blocker use. In contrast, our study placed beta blocker use as the independent variable in an effort to identify effects of beta blocker use. We also provide an additional dimension by including analyses of beta blocker subclass and dose strength. A previous study on beta-adrenergic medication use and hearing (Mills et al. 1999) combined both beta agonists and beta antagonists, two opposing pharmacological effects. Our study is better positioned to provide clearer results about beta receptor action by focussing on beta antagonists.
Immunomodulatory properties of antihypertensive drugs and digitalis glycosides
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2022
Paweł Bryniarski, Katarzyna Nazimek, Janusz Marcinkiewicz
Indications for the use of beta blockers are as follows: hypertension, ischemic heart disease, supraventricular arrhythmias associated with increased excitability, ventricular arrhythmias, sinus tachycardia, hyperthyroidism (propranolol), glaucoma (reduce intraocular pressure: carteolol, metipranolol, timolol), headache including migraines, alcohol abstinence (relief of psychosomatic symptoms), anxiety neurosis. Contraindications for beta-blockers are sinus bradycardia, second degree atrioventricular block and third degree atrioventricular block, cardiogenic shock, severe peripheral circulatory disorders, decompensated bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other chronic lung diseases, and Prinzmetal’s angina. Beta-blockers have many side effects, the most common of which are as follows: bradycardia, circulatory failure, atrioventricular block, hypotension, cold hands and feet, blurred vision, hallucinations, unusual dreams, memory problems, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, exacerbation or provocation of a bronchial asthma attack, and transient impotence.