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Quantitative Methods for Analyzing Experimental Studies in Patient Ergonomics Research
Published in Richard J. Holden, Rupa S. Valdez, The Patient Factor, 2021
Kapil Chalil Madathil, Joel S. Greenstein
The experimental design, structure, and measurement type predominantly determine the statistical techniques that can be used to analyze the data collected from patient ergonomics studies. A sound experimental design is required to enable patient ergonomics researchers to gather interpretable comparisons of the effects of manipulated variables. At the very least, a good experimental design consists of identified independent variables and their respective states that will be manipulated or held constant, associated dependent variables that measure the outcomes of the experiment, characteristics and the number of participants to be used, and a scheme for the replication of unique states of the manipulated variables. There are two common methods of collecting data from experimental studies: the between-subjects, or independent, design and the within-subject, or repeated measures, design. The former involves manipulation of the independent variable using different groups of participants, and the latter involves manipulation of the independent variable with the same group. Our case study is an example of a within-subject experimental design. The independent variable in our study is the type of FHx data collection interface. It is tested at two levels—conventional and conversational.
The Effect Of A Multimodal Stress Management Program On Immune And Psychological Functions
Published in Husband Alan J., Behaviour and Immunity, 2019
A. Blenkhorn, D. Silove, C. Magarey, S. Krillis, H. Colinet
Repeated Measures Design 1: (Control Group ’Cross Over’ to Intervention Group.). The repeated measures design 1 analysis was conducted on the results from subjects who completed all three tests (PRETEST 1, PRETEST 2, POSTTEST). These subjects were initially randomly allocated into the 6 week waiting list control group, and then "crossed over" to complete the intervention. This design allows the detection of changes over the waiting period (PRETEST 1 versus PRETEST 2) and, taking the average of the two pre intervention scores gives a more accurate estimate of baseline scores to compare with the post intervention score. These analyses were performed using the repeated measures MANOVA.
Experimental Studies
Published in M. Venkataswamy Reddy, Statistical Methods in Psychiatry Research and SPSS, 2019
The repeated measures design (also known as within-subject design) uses the same subjects with every condition of the research. For instance, repeated measures are collected in a longitudinal study in which change over time is assessed.
Expressive and receptive performance with graphic symbol sentences by individuals who use aided communication
Published in Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 2022
Ann Sutton, Natacha Trudeau, Jill P. Morford, Martine M. Smith, Marie-Ève Mascolo
An exploratory within-subjects with repeated measures design was used. Participants completed four experimental tasks as well as measures of receptive vocabulary, receptive syntax, memory, and visual analysis. The main dependent measure was the number of correct responses to the experimental tasks. Responding to the Construction task consisted of selecting a sequence of symbols on a display. A response was considered correct if the symbol sequence contained all the semantic elements of the target stimulus item. Responding to the Comprehension task and the Interpretation tasks consisted of selecting, from an array on the computer screen, a depiction of an agent performing an action in a location. A response was considered correct if the depiction selected corresponding to the target stimulus item.
The Feasibility of Interventions Based on Meaningful and Psychologically Rewarding Occupations in Improving Health and Well-Being
Published in Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 2022
Moses N. Ikiugu, Whitney Lucas Molitor, Diana R. Feldhacker
The purpose of this research study was to test the feasibility of the guidelines for use of meaningful and psychologically rewarding occupations as media in occupational therapy interventions by determining their potential effectiveness in improving perceived health and well-being among students, faculty, and staff at a public University in Mid-West USA. We used a repeated-measures design to conduct the study. There were 21 study participants. The findings indicated trends suggesting that use of the guidelines could have had a significant effect on study participants’ vitality. While all interventions in combination seemed to be effective in enhancing a sense of well-being and role-emotional functioning, none of the procedures on its own had a significant effect on these variables. A logical conclusion from our findings could be that the use of meaningful and psychologically rewarding occupations as media could have added to the effect of our overall interventions in improving health and well-being. Further research with larger, heterogeneous samples and a true experimental design is needed to confirm the trends indicated in our findings.
Coefficient of friction, walking speed and cadence on slippery and dry surfaces: shoes with different groove depths
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2019
Mansour Ziaei, Hamidreza Mokhtarinia, Farhad Tabatabai Ghomshe, Maryam Maghsoudipour
This study was semi-experimental with a repeated-measures design. To start the experiment, the examinee wore stretch pants and standard Oxford shoes. Then reflective markers were attached to the subject and he was asked to walk with free-speed walking on the walkway during the test. After this preparation phase, the examinee walked along a 3-m walkway in six different subsets and data were collected. Each subset of the trial with different conditions was repeated three times. A trial was considered successful if the subject's right foot landed on the force plate. In order to prevent fatigue and to have the same condition in all trials, the subjects took 5-min intervals between trials. Test conditions included shoes with three different groove depths (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mm) and two different surfaces (dry and slippery). We used a certain amount of soapy water for making the slippery surface. In the dry condition, we did not use soapy water and it was just dry, or we dried the surface completely. All tests were performed in the Ergonomics Laboratory of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. Table 1 presents the conditions used in this study.