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High Consumption of Fruits, Vegetables, and Legumes
Published in John J.B. Anderson, Marilyn C. Sparling, The Mediterranean Way of Eating, 2014
John J.B. Anderson, Marilyn C. Sparling
Fruit and vegetable consumption also has been associated with a reduction in blood pressure, a major risk factor for CVD. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)–style diet is high in fruit, vegetables, and legumes as well as in whole grains, nuts, and low-fat dairy products. On the other hand, the DASH diet is low in red and processed meats, sweetened beverages, and sodium. Findings in the Normative Aging Study suggested that higher intakes of green leafy vegetables, as found in a Mediterranean-style diet, may reduce the risk of CVD through beneficial changes in heart rate variability.
Air Pollution and Chronic Eye Disease in Adults: A Scoping Review
Published in Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2023
Amy E. Millen, Shruti Dighe, Katarzyna Kordas, Boma Zelma Aminigo, Michelle L. Zafron, Lina Mu
Three studies51,59,60 examined associations with intraocular pressure (IOP), a risk factor for glaucoma; two were cross-sectional,51,59 and one was longitudinal in design.60 In a large, cross-sectional community-based cohort in the UK,59 clinical measurements of IOP were directly associated with higher residential annual average PM2.5. Corneal-compensated and Goldmann-corrected IOP increased 0.03 and 0.04 mm Hg, respectively, for each IQR increase in PM2.5. Differently, repeated measures from the US Department of Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study60 observed no statistically significant associations between BC exposure estimates over a year and average IOP measures. However, they did observe a direct association between BC and IOP (β-coefficient [95% CI] = 0.36 [0.003–0.73] mm Hg increase per IQR increase in BC) in participants with a high allelic score for genes involved in oxidative stress metabolism. In the previously mentioned Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging,51 an increase in one IQR of PM2.5 was associated with a 0.24 mm Hg increase in IOP, similar to the BC effect in the Normative Aging Study.