China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Rodent Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Models
Published in Jinghua Hu, Yong Yu, Polycystic Kidney Disease, 2019
Sara J. Holditch, Raphael A. Nemenoff, Katharina Hopp
Collectively, these examples illustrate the importance of keeping precise records on genetic background, generation of inbreeding, and back-crossing experiments in order to be able to tease apart the phenotypic/mechanistic consequences unique to the gene of interest versus potential strain associated modifier gene/loci. This becomes especially important when generating double and triple genetically engineered rodent models across different background strains. Interestingly, murine models with dissimilar PKD-associated phenotypes across backgrounds would provide the perfect platform to identify potential modifier genes relevant to human ADPKD where large intra-/interfamilial phenotypic heterogeneity is observed. Such studies, while extremely tedious, have been performed by outcrossing inbred rodent models to a divergent strain and performing whole-genome genetic comparisons, also known as QTL mapping, among animals showing different grades of disease severity. In the case of PKD, this has been done for the kat2J, bpk, pcy, and Han-SPRD-cy models and suggests that genes such as Invs, Bicc1, Col4a3, or Slc21a2 may modify PKD severity.9,201,202,207,208
Low-dose Bevacizumab Decreases Ocular Hypotensive Effect of Angiotensin II in Sprague Dawley Rats
Published in Current Eye Research, 2021
J. Skrzypecki, K. Ciepiaszuk, M. Gawryś-Kopczyńska
SPRD rats (n = 64) were divided into eight groups. All animals were injected intraperitoneally with either bevacizumab (0.02 mg/kg in 0.3 ml 0.9% NaCl) (n = 32) or vehicle (0.3 ml 0.9% NaCl) (n = 32) 7 days before and 90 minutes before the measurements. The dose of bevacizumab (0.02 mg/kg) was chosen to match the amount of bevacizumab injected during intravitreal injection (0.02 mg/kg). Intraperitoneal route was selected over subcutaneous as the latter leads to lower bioavailability.16 Immediately following the second injection of bevacizumab or vehicle rats were anaesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of urethane (1.5 g/kg) and underwent unilateral superior sympathetic gangliectomy (n = 32) or sham procedure (n = 32). The procedure was accomplished 60 minutes before measurements. Side of the procedure was selected randomly. Skin on the neck was incised laterally to the trachea. Connective tissue was dissected and superior cervical ganglion was visualized superiorly to the division of the common carotid artery and dorsally to the internal carotid artery. Subsequently, superior cervical ganglion was excised. Sham procedure followed similar steps except for surgical removal of the superior cervical ganglion. Additionally, all rats were implanted with intravenous and intraarterial catheters as described previously.17 In order to facilitate continuous IOP measurements, 27 G needle connected to the BIOPAC (Biopac Systems, Goleta, CA) transducer was placed into the anterior chamber of the eye. IOP was measured at the side of sympathectomy or sham procedure.