China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Perinatal and Pediatric Outcome of Pregnancies Following PGT-M/SR/A
Published in Carlos Simón, Carmen Rubio, Handbook of Genetic Diagnostic Technologies in Reproductive Medicine, 2022
Malou Heijligers, Christine de Die-Smulders
Perinatal outcome of pregnancies following PGT has been the subject of much study [5,11–13,16–18]. A major concern regarding PGT was the increased risk of congenital abnormalities due to the embryo biopsy, especially because regular IVF with ICSI is already associated with an increased risk of birth defects [6]. Congenital abnormalities can be detected during pregnancy and after birth. Some of the prenatally detected abnormalities are not compatible with life and lead to intra-uterine fetal death or termination of pregnancy. Reports on congenital abnormalities differentiate between major and minor abnormalities, and between isolated and multiple abnormalities, the latter sometimes being part of a syndrome. Congenital abnormalities are defined as structural, functional, and genetic anomalies. Those that do not have serious medical, functional, or cosmetic consequences are considered minor.
Chemotherapy in pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Doxorubicin is indicated in the treatment of many cancers, including, but not limited to, breast cancer, HL, and NHL, soft-tissue sarcoma, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and gastric cancer. The drug is an anthracycline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species. It intercalates into DNA, which inhibits DNA synthesis. Doxorubicin also inhibits transcription, by inhibiting DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the function of topoisomerase II. Myelosuppression is dose limiting, but both acute and chronic cardiotoxicity have been well described. When given in the first trimester, in combination with other agents, doxorubicin has been associated with imperforate anus, rectovaginal fistula, and microcephaly (80). In the largest series to date, Hahn et al. reported on the use of doxorubicin in combination with 5-FU, and cyclophosphamide in 57 pregnant women (81). They reported three congenital anomalies, including Down syndrome, clubfoot, and bilateral ureteral reflux. Several others have reported the use of doxorubicin alone or in combination with other therapies, starting as early as the second trimester, without obvious effects on the fetus. There have been no reports of fetal or infant cardiotoxicity associated with doxorubicin use in pregnancy (67,82,83).
Duplications of the alimentary tract
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
Associated anomalies are rare, but can be predicted based on the location of the duplication. Foregut duplications may be associated with vertebral anomalies. Midgut duplications may have associated malrotation or atresia of the bowel. In patients with hindgut lesions, genitourinary duplications, anorectal malformations, and bladder exstrophy are sometimes seen. Associated anomalies are often identified clinically or with imaging. When multiple anomalies are found in the same patient, it is important that the management of the patient be planned carefully, since a multidisciplinary approach involving various specialists may be necessary.
Assessment of combining biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Bacillus thuringiensis and gamma irradiation for controlling Pectinophora gossypiella (saunders) (lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Ahlam Gabarty, Afaf Abas, Hedaya M. Salem, Sawsan M. El-Sonbaty, Doaa S. Farghaly, Heba A. Awad
Our histological and ultrastructure investigations have confirmed that the effects of gamma irradiation or LC50 of Bt-AgNPs have an inhibitory effect at cellular levels and leads to obstruction in the development of the F1 progeny and finally to their death. Radiation disturbs the function of tissues and organs and produces anomalies (Wong et al. 2003; Moskalev 2007). These anomalies may interrupt the developmental pathways (Møller 2002; Natarajan 2006). It also has an opposed effect on the development and health of the offspring (Beasley et al. 2012). Ingestion of Bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein (Vip3A) by susceptible insects such as the black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) causes gut paralysis at low concentrations and complete lyses of gut epithelium cells resulting in larval death at higher concentrations (Yu et al. 1997). It is also worth to mention that this is the first study that reported the inhibitory effect of combination of gamma irradiation and Bt-AgNPs on the midgut structure, reproductive potential and development of the F1 progeny of P. gossypiella.
Primary temporal bone chondrosarcoma: experience with 10 cases
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Kun Zhang, Peng Qu, Endong Zhang, Chunfu Dai, Yilai Shu, Bing Chen
This study was conducted at the ENT Department at Shanghai Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital in China. All patients who confirmed the diagnosis of TBC by pathology results from June 2009 to June 2018 were included in this study. Chondrosarcoma originating at other subsites of the cranial base such as the paranasal sinuses, temporomandibular joint, or jugular foramen were excluded, as were radiologically presumed cases without definitive histological confirmation. The patient's medical records were reviewed for demographic data, clinical presentations, diagnostic findings, histopathology, tumor stages, treatment strategies, length of clinical follow-up, disease recurrence and survival. In addition, the involvement of individual anomalies was also analyzed. The characteristics of these 10 patients are presented in Table 1.
Effect of dry needling on radial tunnel syndrome: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2019
Though RTS has a small annual prevalence rate of 0.003% (Dang and Rodner, 2009), varied causes have been described in the literature. They broadly include anatomical anomalies (e.g. accessory muscle slips and fascial bands), trauma (i.e. fracture), tumor (e.g. lipoma and hemangioma), inflammation (e.g. Neuroma and synovitis), and repetitive stress or overuse (Moradi, Ebrahimzadeh, and Jupiter, 2015; Portilla Molina et al., 1998). Despite the fact that both RTS and PIN syndromes describe entrapment of the deep branch of the radial nerve, the latter presents as true motor weakness, a distinction that is useful in making a differential diagnosis between the two syndromes (Cha, York, and Tawfik, 2014; Stanley, 2006). Other differentials include lateral epicondylitis, anconeus muscle tendonitis, de Quervain’s tenosynovitis, and brachial neuritis/double crush syndrome (Stanley, 2006).