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Feminist mental health ethics
Published in Wendy A. Rogers, Jackie Leach Scully, Stacy M. Carter, Vikki A. Entwistle, Catherine Mills, The Routledge Handbook of Feminist Bioethics, 2022
Like all health research, research in mental health raises moral and political questions at all points. The research questions posed, funded and pursued inevitably reflect the perspectives and respond to the needs of some populations more than others. Further, experimental design is always shaped by the perspectives, training, skill sets and resources available to researchers. What kinds of experiments are most commonly designed? What experiences do these forms of experiments succeed and fail at illuminating? The way participants are recruited and data gathered may prioritize the voices of some communities more than others. The way data are interpreted may prioritize some ideas, themes or experiences more than others. The conclusions that are drawn represent only the data gathered within these and other limitations. All of these factors work against prioritizing research which reflects and takes its lead from the experiences of marginalized groups. Feminist ethics of mental health research applies arguments from feminist philosophy of science and clinical research ethics to bring these issues to light and offer paths toward responsible research.
Clinical and organizational ethics
Published in Gerard Magill, Lawrence Prybil, Governance Ethics in Healthcare Organizations, 2020
Gerard Magill, Lawrence Prybil
This link between ethical theory and principle that guide moral reasoning and decision-making provides the landscape for connecting clinical and organizational ethics as well-established fields in healthcare. Each area has developed at a very different pace. Clinical ethics has received the most attention.9 The extensive practice of clinical ethics includes many different arenas, such as clinical research ethics,10 transplant ethics,11 and emerging debates over face and limb transplantation.12 In organizational ethics, though receiving less attention, there has been substantial discourse, including on corporate morality and social responsibility,13 as explained in the following analysis.14 In contrast, little attention has been given to governance ethics that deals with the responsibilities of boards of directors in healthcare organizations. However, there has been a noticeable increase in ethics literature on governance issues in healthcare.15 Furthermore, there has been growing attention to ethical issues around governance in general.16
Biobanking in sport: governance and ethics
Published in Silvia Camporesi, Mike McNamee, Bioethics, Genetics and Sport, 2018
Silvia Camporesi, Mike McNamee
In 2016, the World Medical Association (WMA) published a three-page declaration intended to complement the Declaration of Helsinki (the cornerstone of clinical research ethics since 1964, now at its seventh revision (2013)), with ‘additional principles for the ethical use of data in Health Database and human biological material in biobanks’. The declaration is addressed primarily to physicians and healthcare professionals and addresses mostly issues of informed consent, discussed in this chapter in Section 4.5. However, as some have noted (Aicardi et al. 2016; Lipworth et al. 2017), the scope of the declaration may be considered too narrow for the ‘disruption’ posed by digital data, which requires that knowledge and science as public goods are transparent, accessible and widely available. That is why some authors call for a more substantial revision of the rules and principles governing biomedical research, because of the unique epistemological challenges that reflect the need for a change in our ethical framework and language through which we express such ethical principles. We discuss one such substantial revision to the governance of biobanking in Section 4.8.
Integrase inhibitor-based regimens are related to favorable systemic inflammatory index and platecrit scores in people living with HIV (PLWH) up to 2 years
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Ezgi Aysu Şahin, Deniz Mavi, Emre Kara, Meliha Çağla Sönmezer, Ahmet Çağkan İnkaya, Serhat Ünal
This cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out in Hacettepe University HIV/AIDS Treatment and Research Center (HATAM). The Hacettepe HIV cohort has been recruiting since 1985. PLWH diagnosed between 2014 and 2020 were included in this study. Local IRB approval was granted from the Noninvasive Clinical Research Ethics Board of Hacettepe University (decision number: GO 17/306). All the study procedures were carried out in concordance with Helsinki Declaration. Data has been collected from Hacettepe HIV Cohorts’ database by investigators. All PLWH underwent 3-month follow-up visits, and their records were retrieved from the hospital database. Suppression of HIV viremia was defined as <40 HIV-RNA copies/ml. Blood samples were analyzed with the ‘Unicel DxH800 System Hematology Analyzer’ (Beckman Coulter, USA).
Drug holidays may not affect processing speed while they may reduce beneficial effects on resistance to interference among children with treated with methylphenidate: a single-center, prospective study
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2021
Güler Göl Özcan, Yusuf Öztürk, Mesut Sari, Yasemin İmrek, Gonca Özyurt, Ali Evren Tufan, Aynur Pekcanlar Akay
This single-center, prospective, cohort study involved pre-treatment, post-treatment and post- drug holiday evaluations. It was carried out between September 2018 and September 2019 at the Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic. IRB approval was received from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the study center (Decision No: 2018/234). The potential participants of the study included patients who applied to the study center with complaints of ‘inattention’ and/or ‘hyperactivity/impulsivity’ between September and November 2018. Inclusion criteria were; age between 7 and 18 years old, being diagnosed with ADHD according to K-SADS-PL- Turkish version, acceptance of MPH treatment for ADHD symptoms, being treatment-naïve and provision of informed consent (for parents) and verbal/written assent for children to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria were; having chronic medical/neurological diseases requiring treatment, comorbid anxiety, mood, trauma-related and obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. Autism spectrum disorders, learning disorders, intellectual disabilities and active psychosis were also criteria for exclusion along with parental illiteracy/psychopathology.
Treatment of patients with plaque psoriasis with secukinumab in a real-life setting: a 52-week, multicenter, retrospective study in Spain
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Jaime Notario, Gustavo Deza, Eva Vilarrasa, Francesc Valentí, Carlos Muñoz, Jordi Mollet, Vicenç Rocamora, Jose-Manuel Carrascosa, Elena del Alcázar, Mercè Alsina, David Vidal, Lluís Puig, Anna López-Ferrer, José Riera, Fernando Gallardo, Marta Ferran
This was a retrospective, multicenter, observational study that included adult patients with moderate-to-severe plaque PsO consecutively treated with secukinumab at 10 Spanish hospitals with PsO-specialized units. Patients included had failed to respond adequately to previous interventions (topical or biologic or non-biologic systemic therapies) and received secukinumab according to the labeled indications and posology (subcutaneous injections of secukinumab 300 mg at weeks 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and every 4 weeks thereafter) for a minimum of 3 months after appropriate screening tests (3). Nevertheless, in a few patients, the administered dose of secukinumab was 150 mg according to the physician’s criteria. To assure a minimum follow-up of 52 weeks, all observations were censored at July 31 2017. Temporary treatment interruptions (e.g. due to infections or surgery) of less than 3 months’ duration were allowed. The present study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki on Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, and the local clinical research ethics committee from Bellvitge Hospital granted ethical approval for its realization.