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Arenaviruses and Neurovirology
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Daniel Růžek, Neuroviral Infections, 2013
Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever was recognized in the towns of Guanarito and Guanare, Portuguesa State, Venezuela, in 1989 during an outbreak that originally was thought to be dengue (de Manzione et al. 1998). The endemic areas involve the south and southwest parts of the Portuguesa state as well as the adjacent areas of the state of Barinas in the central plains of the country.
A transcriptomic insight into the human sperm microbiome through next-generation sequencing
Published in Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 2023
Celia Corral-Vazquez, Joan Blanco, Riccardo Aiese Cigliano, Sarrate Zaida, Francesca Vidal, Ester Anton
Our study has also allowed identifying some specific profiles through hierarchical cluster analysis. The presence of microbiome clusters in sperm samples has been described before (Hou et al. 2013; Weng et al. 2014) suggesting that, despite the existence of individual differences, some sperm samples tend to share a common microbiome profile. In this case, Cluster 1 displayed a predominant presence of Herpesvirus, a sexually transmitted agent that can be found in the male genital tract and in seminal samples, mainly during herpes recurrences (Dejucq and Jégou 2001). Cluster 2, despite also containing a strong Herpesvirus presence (including Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2), showed a generally low bacterial composition. In its turn, Cluster 3 contained a higher variability of both bacteria and viruses. Cutibacterium acnes is a bacillus typically found in human skin or the digestive tract (Dréno et al. 2018). The phage VB PmiS-Isfahan was characterized by Yazdi et al. as an active agent against the bacterium Proteus mirabilis, one of the most common causes of complicated urinary tract infections (Yazdi et al. 2019). Guanarito mammarenavirus is the source of the Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever, a zoonotic human illness (Tesh et al. 1994). Lastly, Cluster 4 contained a wider range of bacterial and viral species. Among them, the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis may be indicative of a bidirectional microbiome transmission occasioned by sexual intercourse (Mändar et al. 2015). Besides, the presence of Gardnerella in semen samples has been associated to normal sperm parameters (Weng et al. 2014). Nevertheless, it is necessary to keep into account that the abundance of species in Cluster 4 could be due to an overrepresentation given by the lack of more samples in this group.