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Other Positive Single-Stranded RNA Viruses
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The satellite viruses encode structural proteins required for the formation of infectious particles but depend on helper viruses for completing their replication cycles. This is especially intriguing, since many RNA viruses such as endornaviruses, hypoviruses, narnaviruses, and umbraviruses do not form virions. Krupovic et al. (2016) reasonably argued that all nucleic-acid-containing nonorganismal entities that encode their own capsid proteins are to be classified within proper viral taxa, regardless of whether or not they depend on another virus for replication.
Molecular detection of HHV1-5, AAV and HPV in semen specimens and their impact on male fertility
Published in Human Fertility, 2019
Emad Behboudi, Talat Mokhtari-Azad, Jila Yavarian, Nastaran Ghavami, Seyed Mahmood Seyed Khorrami, Farhad Rezaei, Javad Charostad, Somayeh Shatizadeh Malekshahi, Nazanin Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi
In many studies the detection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) genome, a member of Parvoviridae family, in the female genital tract and also in miscarriage material has been reported (Burguete et al., 1999). Some of these studies even reported the correlation between recurrent abortions in women and the presence of AAV genome in semen of their partners (Kim et al., 2012). AAV genome especially has been found in the sperm fraction of semen. The possibility of AAV sexual transmission has been cleared and its genome frequently was found in semen of both infertile and fertile men; therefore its role in male infertility is vague (Erles et al., 2001). In addition to the host cell, AAV as a satellite virus needs a helper virus such as human papillomavirus (HPV) or HHV.