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Other Double-Stranded RNA Viruses
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The first 3D structure of a partitivirus, Penicillium stoloniferum virus S (PsV-S) from the genus Gammapartitivirus, was resolved to 7.3 Å by electron cryomicroscopy and 3D image reconstruction (Ochoa et al. 2008). The capsid, approximately 350 Å in outer diameter, contained 12 pentons, each of which was topped by 5 arched protrusions. Each of these protrusions was, in turn, formed by a quasisymmetric dimer of coat protein, for a total of 60 such dimers per particle. This T = 1 structure usually referred to as T = 2* from the Partitiviridae family exhibited both similarities to and differences from the T = 2* capsids of other dsRNA viruses. Moreover, the authors reported the backbone structure of PsV-S virions, determined by homology modeling from a cryoreconstruction to ~4.5 Å resolution (Tang et al. 2010). In parallel, Pan et al. (2009) reported the crystal structure of another partitivirus, Penicillium stoloniferum virus F (PsV-F), to 3.3 Å resolution, which revealed the coat dimers related by almost-perfect local 2-fold symmetry and forming prominent surface arches. Remarkably, it appeared that the PsV-F capsid is assembled from dimers of the coat dimers, with an arrangement similar to flavivirus E glycoproteins (Chapter 22). This structure is shown in Figure 15.1. These 3D structures were thoroughly summarized and commented on by Nibert et al. (2013) and by Luque et al. (2018).
History and First Look
Published in Paul Pumpens, Single-Stranded RNA Phages, 2020
In the context of this table, it should be noted that the Gremmeniella abietina RNA virus MS2 (GaRV-MS2) was described (Tuomivirta and Hantula 2005). G. abietina is a species of fungal diseases infecting coniferous forests. The GaRV-MS2 genome is composed of three double-stranded RNA molecules, and the virus belongs to the Partitiviridae family (Tuomivirta and Hantula 2005; Zhang T et al. 2013) and has nothing to do with the Leviviridae members.
Metagenomic analysis of intestinal mucosa revealed a specific eukaryotic gut virome signature in early-diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease
Published in Gut Microbes, 2019
Federica Ungaro, Luca Massimino, Federica Furfaro, Valeria Rimoldi, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Silvia D’Alessio, Silvio Danese
Moreover, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed on the relative sequence abundances of viral orders failed to distinguish Ctrl- from IBD-derived samples (Figure 1E). Similar results were obtained when PCA was performed on viral families’ relative abundances (Figure 1F), thus highlighting the extreme heterogeneity among the gut viromes of these patients. Nevertheless, at family level, we observed Partitiviridae to be the most abundant in all the experimental groups, followed by Herpesviridae, accounting for ~ 25% and ~ 12% of total families detected, respectively (Figure 2A and Supplementary Table 3). Of note, the Hepadnaviridae family resulted to be highly enriched in UC patients by comparison not only with Ctrl, in which this viral family was not detected at all, but also with cCD and iCD (Figure 2B-E), pointing out these transcripts as a peculiar feature of the gut virome populating the mucosa in the early stages of UC pathogenesis.