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Fungal Infections
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Uwe Wollina, Pietro Nenoff, Shyam Verma, Uta-Christina Hipler
Mycetoma is a chronic localized infection caused by several species of fungi and bacteria after local injury. Early lesions are painless and start from a hard nodule that spreads slowly to produce papules and sinuses that discharge fluid containing granules on to the skin surface.
Infections
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Mycetoma is a subcutaneous fungal disease that is caused by certain environmental fungi, and is contracted by injury through the skin, mainly in tropical countries. It is a chronic soft-tissue infection that gradually spreads with swelling and dysfunction of the affected limb. There are deep abscesses and fibrosis, sinuses that discharge through the skin, and osteomyelitis if the underlying bone is involved (Figure 20.33). Visible grains of fungi discharge through the skin sinuses, which may be taken and viewed directly under the microscope to make the diagnosis.
Tropical infections and infestations
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Mycetoma is a chronic, specific, granulomatous, progressive, destructive inflammatory disease, which involves the skin, subcutaneous tissues and deeper structures. The causative organism may be true fungi, when the condition is called eumycetoma; when caused by bacteria it is called actinomyce- toma. The pathognomonic feature is the triad of painless subcutaneous mass, multiple sinuses and seropurulent discharge. It causes tissue destruction, deformity, disability, and death in extreme cases.
Emerging and potential treatment options for sarcoidosis
Published in Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 2018
Debabrata Bandyopadhyay, Marc A. Judson
Mycetoma – Pulmonary mycetomas are conglomerations of intertwined fungal hyphae matted together with mucus, fibrin, and cellular debris [108]. Mycetoma tend to develop in areas of devitalized lung with a poor blood supply [108]. Aspergillus fumigatus is the overwhelming most common fungus that forms mycetoma. Although worldwide, a residual lung cavity related to previous tuberculosis is the most common underlying lung disease in which pulmonary mycetoma develop; in the United States, fibrocystic sarcoidosis is the probably the most common underlying lung disease associated with pulmonary mycetoma [109]. Mycetoma may cause life threating hemoptysis, and are a significant clinical problem in patients with end-stage fibrocystic sarcoidosis [110,111]. Although the presence of a mycetoma does not mandate treatment, sarcoidosis is associated with a particularly poor outcome if pulmonary mycetoma develop [112]. They are most commonly found in the upper lobes of sarcoidosis patients as that is where fibrocystic sarcoidosis is most common. Mycetoma were identified in 2% of patients in a US sarcoidosis specialty clinic, and, as expected, they were seen exclusively in patients with stage 4 fibrocystic disease [113].
Actinomycetoma by Actinomadura madurae. Clinical and therapeutic characteristics of 18 cases with two treatment modalities
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Alexandro Bonifaz, Andrés Tirado-Sánchez, Denisse Vázquez-González, Leonel Fierro-Arias, Javier Araiza, Gloria M. González
Mycetoma is a chronic, and granulomatous disease involving the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by swelling, induration, with draining sinus tracts, and purulent material containing grains constituted by hyphae or filaments (1–4).