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Arthropod-borne virus encephalitis
Published in Avindra Nath, Joseph R. Berger, Clinical Neurovirology, 2020
Prevention relies on vaccination of horses, insecticide spraying and prohibition of transport of horses, donkeys and mules. Vaccination of exposed laboratory workers has been recommended due to the frequent reports of laboratory-acquired infection. Increasing effective and safe vaccines for VEEV are under development [121].
A Laboratory Incident Linked to Exposure to Botulinum Toxin
Published in Meera Chand, John Holton, Case Studies in Infection Control, 2018
With regard to the epidemiology of laboratory incidents, are the following true or false? They have only recently been recognized as a problem.Brucella infections in laboratory workers are about 100 times more common than in the general population.Aspergillus flavus is the most common fungal pathogen associated with laboratory-acquired infections.The prevalence of an organism causing laboratory-acquired infection depends on geography.Failure of SOPs is frequently linked to laboratory-acquired infection.
Laboratory Diagnosis of CNS Viral Infections
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Daniel Růžek, Neuroviral Infections, 2013
Alexander C. Outhred, Jen Kok, Dominic E. Dwyer
However, viral culture has two important advantages over other methods of viral diagnosis: high specificity and the virus can be propagated for subsequent typing, quality control, vaccine development, or other research purposes. Unfortunately, viral culture is also relatively labor intensive and requires skilled staff and specific laboratory infrastructure. In addition, there is a risk of laboratory-acquired infection through exposure to high concentrations of virulent microorganisms.
A systematic analysis of and recommendations for public health events involving brucellosis from 2006 to 2019 in China
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2022
Zhiguo Liu, Miao Wang, Yaxin Tian, Zhongqiu Li, Liping Gao, Zhenjun Li
A total of 11 laboratory-acquired infection events were reported during the 2006–2016 period in China (Table 1). Two events were observed in Northern China (Beijing and Ningxia province), and the remaining nine events were found in Southern China (Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Anhui provinces). Nine of the patients were microbiological technicians and two were cleaners of a microbiology laboratory. The age range of the nine patients was 28–65 years old, and the mean age was 45 years old; two patients were men, seven were women and the remaining two were unknown. Seven patients were infected during the identification or handling of suspect Brucella strains, two by handling blood culture samples from patients with brucellosis, and the remaining individuals were infected while cleaning up the microbiology laboratory waste. All accidental infections occurred because of substandard laboratory safety conditions, manipulations outside biosafety cabinets (BSCs), or the use of inadequate personal protective equipment. All nine cases presented fever; sweating was observed in six cases, fatigue in five cases, and headache in two cases. Only one patient was suspected of brucellosis, seven cases were diagnosed with a fever of unknown origin, and one patient was diagnosed with inflammation of the psoas major muscle, reminding two cases were unknown. The ten patients were first diagnosed with brucellosis by bacteriology test, and a serology test (SAT titre ≥ 1:100) was used only in one case.
Rapid molecular diagnostics for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in India
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2018
Rajeswari Ramachandran, M Muniyandi
Since all the above-mentioned tests involve sputum specimens that have potentially infectious microorganisms, there is a need to implement minimum biosafety measures at TB testing laboratories of different levels to reduce the risk of a laboratory-acquired infection. Laboratory biosafety includes a combination of administrative controls, safety equipment, containment principles, practices and procedures, and emergency preparedness. These facilities enable laboratory staff to work safely with potentially infectious microorganisms [44]. Currently, the Biosafety Manual for Public Health Laboratories for India is prepared by National Centre for Disease Control, Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India [45].