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Myocarditis
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
Chlamydia psittaci infection is complicated by subclinical or asymptomatic myocarditis in 5–15% of cases. In Chlamydia trachomatis infection, myocarditis is usually rare in children. Cardiac involvement is often found in the setting of rickettsial infection with vasculitis as a prominent feature, because the rickettsiae have special tropism for endothelial cells. Although endocarditis is considered more common, myocarditis may also present in Q fever caused by Coxiella burnetii.
Infectious disease
Published in Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan, Essential Notes for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2021
Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan
This group includes Rickettsia, Coxiella and Bartonella. Commonly carried by arthropod vectors such as lice, fleas, ticks and mites: Rickettsiae commonly cause typhus, a disease with swinging fever, headache and rash associated with vasculitis and multisystem involvement. Three groups: typhus group (epidemic and endemic typhus), spotted fever group (Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tick typhus, rickettsial pox) and scrub typhus group.Coxiellaburnetii causes an atypical pneumonia (Q fever).Bartonellahenselae causes cat scratch disease; B. quintana causes trench fever.
Cardiology
Published in Faye Hill, Sash Noor, Neel Sharma, Tiago Villanueva, Medical and Surgical Emergencies for Students and Junior Doctors, 2021
Faye Hill, Sash Noor, Neel Sharma
An echocardiogram, initially transthoracic should be performed as soon as possible. If initially negative then this should be repeated or a transoesophageal echocardiogram should be requested. Blood investigations include a full blood count, urea and electrolytes, C-reactive protein and blood cultures, which should be taken from peripheral sites ideally aseptically before treatment has been started. Those with negative blood cultures should undergo serology for Coxiella and Bartonella. Urine should be screened for protein and blood. A chest X-ray can help to exclude embolic phenomenon such as abscesses.
Evaluation of post-COVID health status using the EuroQol-5D-5L scale
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2022
Siddhi Hegde, Shreya Sreeram, Kaushik R Bhat, Vaishnavi Satish, Sujith Shekar, Mahesh Babu
The current study found that the majority of the individuals reporting ‘any problem’ in the pain/discomfort dimension belonged to the age group of 18–39 years. A significant relationship was found to exist between age and pain/discomfort scores, at 8 weeks. This could be linked to the ubiquitous post-viral syndrome, viral-associated end-organ damage and new-onset pain due to increased sleep disturbance, inactivity, fear, anxiety, depression [69,70]. Post-viral pain/discomfort is also common in other infections like EBV and Coxiella burnetii, which extends into the recovery period[71]. However, its association with COVID-19 goes beyond just the pathological effect of the virus and can be explained by a biopsychosocial model[72]. Ibanez et al found an association between disruption of daily routine and elevated pain intensity and pain sensitivity in COVID-19 survivors[73]. This higher pain sensitivity coupled with their reluctance to rest or premature resumption of pre-COVID activities could explain why younger patients were affected more.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infective endocarditis: impact of haemodialysis status, especially vascular access infection on short-term mortality
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2021
Seong Soon Kwon, Se Yoon Park, Duk Won Bang, Min-Ho Lee, Min-Su Hyon, Seong Soo Lee, Sangchul Yun, Dan Song, Byoung-Won Park
A microbiological diagnosis was made by blood culture, valve cultures and especially in the case of Q fever, the measurement of serum antibodies against Coxiella burnetii by molecular techniques [13]. At least two sets of blood cultures (for aerobic and anaerobic incubation) were obtained at the disease onset and whenever needed during the subsequent hospital course. Genus and species confirmation and identification of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were evaluated with standardized automated methods. Culture negativity was defined as IE with three or more negative blood cultures despite prolonged incubation. When a patient was diagnosed with IE within the first 24 h of medical assessment by clinicians, they were considered to have early detected IE upon admission.
Molecular diagnosis of Coxiella burnetii in culture negative endocarditis and vascular infection in South Korea
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Moonsuk Bae, Hyo Joo Lee, Joung Ha Park, Seongman Bae, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Yong Shin, Sung-Han Kim
Culture negative endocarditis is a life-threatening condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It accounts for 15–40% of all cases of infective endocarditis [1–3]. There are several causes of culture-negative endocarditis. Of these, infection due to intracellular or non-culturable pathogens remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Coxiella burnetii is the most common causative pathogen [3,4]. Q fever endocarditis is clinically important because the diagnostic delay and the absence of combination treatment can be associated with mortality and serological monitoring is necessary to monitor relapse [5]. In addition, Q fever vascular infection is a disease entity as well-known as Q fever endocarditis, and it is associated with high mortality and major complications [6–9].