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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Probiotics, in particular Bifidobacterium longum, has shown an ability to prevent undesirable bacteria sticking to the walls of the intestinal tract, in addition to enhancing production of natural antibacterial chemicals and organic acids, thereby reducing the likelihood of UTI.3,7
Fatigue
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
Probiotics can be found in foods such as yogurt, cheese, miso, sauerkraut, and kimchi. They are also available as a supplement form. When selecting a probiotic, look for products that contain these five core bacteria: Lactobacillus plantarumLactobacillus acidophilusLactobacillus brevisBifidobacterium lactisBifidobacterium longumIntegrative medicine has been a proponent of probiotics for years, yet active debate continues about their benefits. Conventional medicine does not endorse their use and awaits evidence-based guidelines and conclusive research before recommending supplementation. However, conducting research is challenging because different probiotics contain different strains of bacteria (with varying benefits), and many probiotic products contain more than one strain.
Probiotics in the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Published in David J. Hackam, Necrotizing Enterocolitis, 2021
A comparison of two common probiotic species, Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis ATCC 15697, an aggressive consumer of HMOs, and Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis UCD316, a nonconsumer of HMOs, in premature infants demonstrates differences in colonization of these two differing subspecies. In formula-fed infants, a dose of 109 organisms/day was necessary for maximum colonization with B. infantis, while poor colonization was noted at any dose with B. lactis. In a crossover study in human milk–fed premature infants, the B. infantis strain caused increases in Bifidobacterium species and decreases in Enterobacteriaceae, while neither was seen during administration of the B. lactis strain (36). In breastfed term infants, a 21-day course of B. infantis led to sustained colonization with this probiotic organism for as long as the infant was receiving HMOs. This degree of persistence of colonization with a probiotic microbe has not been previously demonstrated and underscores the importance of pairing a probiotic microbe with a selective source of nutrition (37).
A decrease in functional microbiomes represented as Faecalibacterium affects immune homeostasis in long-term stable liver transplant patients
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Soon Kyu Lee, JooYeon Jhun, Seung Yoon Lee, Sukjung Choi, Sun Shim Choi, Myeong Soo Park, Seon-Young Lee, Keun-Hyung Cho, A Ram Lee, Joseph Ahn, Ho Joong Choi, Young Kyoung You, Pil Soo Sung, Jeong Won Jang, Si Hyun Bae, Seung Kew Yoon, Mi-La Cho, Jong Young Choi
Considering the significant difference in the abundance of bacteria and immunological imbalance in the long-term post-LT patients, we next tried to identify the functional microbiomes affecting immune homeostasis in these patients. As shown in Figure 2d and Figure 3a, the Faecalibacterium genus and its species, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , was significantly decreased (P = .025 and P = .0032, respectively). The Bacteroides genus was increased (P = .0008) in the long-term post-LT patients than in healthy controls, which were the most decreased and increased abundance of bacteria in the long-term post-LT patients, respectively. The Bifidobacterium genus and its species, Bifidobacterium longum , and Bifidobacterium bifidum , were marginally decreased in the long-term post-LT patients (Figure 3a and Supplementary Figure 1A). Moreover, the Akkermansia genus and its species, Akkermansia muciniphila , were considerably decreased and nearly undetectable in the long-term post-LT patients (Figure 3a and Supplementary Figure 1A).
Disordered development of gut microbiome interferes with the establishment of the gut ecosystem during early childhood with atopic dermatitis
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Min-Jung Lee, Yoon Mee Park, Byunghyun Kim, in Hwan Tae, Nam-Eun Kim, Marina Pranata, Taewon Kim, Sungho Won, Nam Joo Kang, Yun Kyung Lee, Dong-Woo Lee, Myung Hee Nam, Soo-Jong Hong, Bong-Soo Kim
At 6 months, Bifidobacterium longum was a predominant indicator in all groups, and there were no significantly different species according to AD severity (q > 0.05; Figure 2c). B. bifidum and B. breve were dominant indicators at 7–12 months, and the relative abundance of Escherichia coli was higher in the moderate to severe AD than mild AD group at this age (q < 0.05). The higher proportions of Alistipes finegoldii, unclassified (UC)_Oscillibacter, and UC_Alistipes were detected in the non-AD than in AD groups at 13–24 months (q < 0.05). Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides fragilis, Ruminococcus bromii, and Dialister invisus were indicators at 13–36 months, and the relative abundances of B. fragilis and D. invisus were higher in the non-AD than in AD groups at 25–36 months (q < 0.05). Indicators for each age were evaluated using the multivariate association with linear models (MaAsLin2) after adjusting for covariates (Table S7). Indicators were significantly associated with age after adjustments except for B. bifidum and A. finegoldii.
Bifidobacterium catabolism of human milk oligosaccharides overrides endogenous competitive exclusion driving colonization and protection
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
Britta E. Heiss, Amy M. Ehrlich, Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez, Diana H. Taft, Jules A. Larke, Michael L. Goodson, Carolyn M. Slupsky, Daniel J. Tancredi, Helen E. Raybould, David A. Mills
Numerous clinical trials of probiotic administration have failed to show significant impact on the host microbiota partly because engraftment of a supplemented microbe into a stable microbial community has proven challenging.20,35 One strategy for enriching probiotics in situ is to provide a unique substrate preferentially catabolized by the supplemented bacteria.1 Such synbiotic pairings have been shown to elevate the microbe’s abundance in the gut during simultaneous administration, however, detection of the microbe post-bacterial gavage (i.e. beyond supplementation) is not typically measured.36,37 Bacterial persistence was demonstrated with Bacteroides strains engrafting in mice microbiota dependent upon the presence of porphyran as a substrate for the supplemented strains.7,8 Similarly, in breast-fed infants high Bifidobacterium levels are associated with the ability to catabolize HMOs.23 In preterm infants supplemented with Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, only Bifidobacterium robustly persisted and was correlated to milk metabolism.38 Frese et al.39 showed dramatic and persistent colonization of an HMO-catabolizing strain of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis in supplemented breast-fed infants. This is in concordance with the findings presented here that, in the absence of other human milk factors, the milk glycan 2ʹFL is sufficient to enable persistence and enrich populations of cognate Bifidobacterium while competing with endogenous bacterial groups.