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Basic Science and Molecular Oncology
Published in Manit Arya, Taimur T. Shah, Jas S. Kalsi, Herman S. Fernando, Iqbal S. Shergill, Asif Muneer, Hashim U. Ahmed, MCQs for the FRCS(Urol) and Postgraduate Urology Examinations, 2020
Paul Cleaveland, Vijay Sangar, Noel Clarke
Regarding the major histocompatability complex (MHC), which of following is FALSE?MHC Class I molecules are associated with a light chain, beta-2 microglobulin.T lymphocytes are unable to recognise antigens bound to the MHC molecules.MHC is involved in recognising and binding to foreign antigens.MHC Class II molecules are composed of two heavy chains each with two domains.MHC Class III proteins include cytokines.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex
Published in Constantin A. Bona, Francisco A. Bonilla, Textbook of Immunology, 2019
Constantin A. Bona, Francisco A. Bonilla
Many MHC class III genes are not directly involved in antigen processing and presentation. Some prominent genes in this region are those encoding the C2, C4 and Factor B components of complement, the enzyme 21-steroid hydroxylase, tumor necrosis factor, and lymphotoxin a and β. Other genes encode molecules of the heat shock protein family which may function as chaperones (see below) with a role in antigen processing. Many recently discovered genes have unknown function. The class III molecules are also polymorphic, though not to the same degree as class I and II.
The potential association of tumor necrosis factor-βeta (252 G/A) cytokine gene polymorphism with immune thrombocytopenic purpura among Egyptian children
Published in Hematology, 2018
Dalia Saber Morgan, Rasha Abdel-RaoufAbdel-Aziz Afifi, Shereen Mohamed El-Hoseiny, Dalia Gamil Amin, Sara Yahia Gaber Ibrahim
Apolymorphic allele might be in linkage disequilibrium with the TNF genetic markers located within the major MHC class III region. Previous studies in immune-related diseases have found differences in TNF-β alleles and linkage to HLA-B8-DR3 among European and Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [26]. Similarly, Ishii et al. concluded that since the TNF-β gene G252A gene polymorphism is a silent mutation, it might have linkage disequilibrium with other functional mutations [21].
Environmental and genetic risk factors in the development of neuromyelitis optica
Published in Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2020
This study was conducted on NMOSD patients which indicated that the most important genetic marker of this disease, i.e. rs28383224, was common in both seropositive and seropositive forms of NMOSD. However, C4 copy number variation (CNV) was only associated with seropositive NMOSD. C4 was encoded by C4A and C4B genes, which were both located in the MHC class III region [37].