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Fungi and Water
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Yeast is used in food preparations since antiquity such as alcohol production, bread making, dairy products, sauce preparation, and more. The most well-known and commercially significant yeasts are the related species and strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Antifungal Activity Validation of Wild Plants used in Argentine Ethnomedicine
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Norma Hortensia Álvarez, Laura Noemí Fernandez, Gisela Marisol Seimandi, María Inés Stegmayer, Verónica Eugenia Ruiz, Marcos Gabriel Derita
Despite some yeasts, like Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which have always been considered as innocuous to human beings and are commonly used for food production, alcoholic beverages and different biotechnological process, it has recently been detected that they could act as human opportunistic pathogens causing a variety of infections on immunocompromised individuals. The acquisition of infections by S. cerevisiae has been recently linked to the use of probiotics or dietary supplements, both of which could represent a source of this agent. According to the current guidelines, treatment with amphotericin B or 5-fluorocytosine is recommended but sooner or later, resistant strains will become resistant strains (Pérez-Cantero et al. 2019).
Argentinian Wild Plants as Controllers of Fruits Phytopathogenic Fungi
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Wild Plants, 2020
María Inés Stegmayer, Norma Hortensia Álvarez, María Alejandra Favaro, Laura Noemí Fernandez, María Eugenia Carrizo, Andrea Guadalupe Reutemann, Marcos Gabriel Derita
In addition, the use of biological agents, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aureobasidium pullulans, Bacillus subtilis CPA-8, and Metschnikowia fructicola, among many others, have also been explored (Mari et al. 2012). However, the choice of the microorganism must be judicious, and to date, these types of biocontrol tools lack the capacity for eradication, and their effectiveness has been limited and variable.
Dysbiotic but nonpathogenic shift in the fecal mycobiota of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Eun Ha Lee, Hyun Kim, Jung Hee Koh, Kwang Hyun Cha, Kiseok Keith Lee, Wan-Uk Kim, Cheol-Ho Pan, Yong-Hwan Lee
Aspergillus caused substantial changes in the fungal community. An OTU that belonged to Aspergillus (F4_Aspergillus) was a core fungal OTU (Figure 6a); it was more abundant in the HC group than in the RA group (Figure 3). Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a beneficial effect on human health.31,32 Alterations in fecal fungal communities have mostly been studied in Western cohorts. We found a significant difference in Aspergillus abundance, rather than Saccharomyces abundance, between the HC and RA groups. Saccharomyces is reportedly more common among individuals who consume a Western diet (e.g., bread, beer, and dairy products), while Aspergillus is more common among individuals with a vegetarian diet.33,34 In Japan and China, where the diets are similar to the diet consumed in South Korea, Aspergillus was more abundant than Saccharomyces in the fecal fungal community of healthy adults.35,36 Therefore, based on the dietary proportions of vegetables and fermented soybean foods, Aspergillus is an essential member of the fecal fungal community in Koreans.33,34
Antioxidant properties of the Lebanese plant Iris x germanica L. crude extracts and antagonism of chlorpromazine toxicity on Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Katia Sayyed, Ibrahim Hdayed, Mohamad Tabcheh, Ziad Abdel-Razzak, Hoda El-Bitar
The valid eukaryotic yeast model (Barr 2003), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was treated, in our study, with nontoxic doses (100, 500 and 1000 µg/mL) of R-M, L-M and Fl-M extracts that did not affect yeast cells growth. This is contradictory with a single study showing that I. germanica L. methanolic solution had an antifungal activity against S. cerevisiae using agar well diffusion method (Al-Jassaci et al. 2016). This discrepancy may due to the used strain and/or to difference between our liquid growth assay method and their used solid growth assay where 48 hours are usually required to read the results. Moreover, in their study they didn’t provide information about the used concentrations of plant extracts/solutions, and therefore the positive antifungal activity may be due to a concentration higher than 1000 µg/mL (Rios and Recio 2005). In addition, according to several studies, this discrepancy may result from different pH (Janssen et al. 1987) and composition (Ross et al. 2001) of the used growth medium, which may lead also to different antimicrobial activity obtained by medicinal plants crude extracts (Rios and Recio 2005).
The antifungal activity of caspofungin in combination with antifungals or non-antifungals against Candida species in vitro and in clinical therapy
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2022
Shan Su, Haiying Yan, Li Min, Hongmei Wang, Xueqi Chen, Jinyi Shi, Shujuan Sun
Nikkomycin Z, which is undergoing a clinical trial for treating fungal infections, is a specific chitin synthase inhibitor. A recent study demonstrated the combined antifungal effects of Nikkomycin Z and caspofungin against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) (WT BY4741). The MIC of Nikkomycin Z was reduced from 12.5 µg/mL to 3.125 µg/mL, the MIC of caspofungin was reduced from 0.03 µg/mL to 0.00625 µg/mL, and the FICI was 0.4583 [50]. Another study demonstrated that the combination of caspofungin and nikkomycin Z caused extended cell death and that the structure of the biofilm was sparse compared to the control. This drug combination showed synergistic effects against three of five total caspofungin-susceptible C. albicans isolates (n = 5, there were five isolates in total) and one caspofungin-resistant C. albicans isolate [51]. Two new potential antifungal compounds, IMB-D10 and IMB-F4, were isolated based on a chemical genetic method. They inhibited the activity of chitin synthase in vitro and reduced chitin levels in yeast cells. The antifungal effects of caspofungin were detected, and IMB-F4 exhibited excellent activity with FICI < 0.5 [50].