China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Biliary Tract Cancer
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
Hemant M. Kocher, Vincent S. Yip, Ajit T. Abraham
In the West, the best known predisposing factor is primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), which carries a lifetime risk of 9%–23%.17–20 However, screening and surveillance in this group, with the current tools, have proved to be less than successful.21 In the Far East, hepatolithiasis is a known predisposing factor, and a stepwise progression from hyperplasia, dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and adenocarcinoma has been shown in patients with hepatolithiasis.22,23 Biliary-enteric anastomosis (done mostly for choledochal cysts) is also a putative, though unproven etiological factor. Previous cholecystectomy,24 thalassaemia,25 and prior external-beam radiotherapy26 may increase the risk of cholangiocarcinoma, but so far the evidence is anecdotal. Obesity is considered to be a risk factor, at least in the Western population.27
Primary tumours of the liver and biliary tract
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Hero K Hussain, Mohammad Abu Shattal
Cholangiocarcinoma, the second most common primary hepatic malignancy after HCC, arises more commonly in the non-cirrhotic than the cirrhotic liver. Cholangiocarcinoma is classified anatomically into intrahepatic, perihilar, or distal tumours. The intrahepatic type (IHC) is further classified according to the growth pattern into mass-forming (most common), periductal, and intraductal (118,119). The highest prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma is in Southeast Asia, although the incidence of IHC is increasing in the West. Liver flukes and hepatolithiasis are risk factors in Asia, whereas primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a commoner risk factor in the West. Of note, all risk factors share the common feature of chronic inflammation of the bile ducts (119).
Participation of Cytokines and Growth Factors in Biliary Epithelial Proliferation and Mito-Inhibition during Ductular Reactions
Published in Gianfranco Alpini, Domenico Alvaro, Marco Marzioni, Gene LeSage, Nicholas LaRusso, The Pathophysiology of Biliary Epithelia, 2020
Anthony J. Demetris, J.G. Lunz, Vladimir Subbotin, Tong Wu, Isao Nozaki, Sarah Contrucci, Xia Yin
In the adult rat liver, bile ducts stain positive for stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor kit.119 Following BDL, there is an increase in liver SCF and kit mRNA and localization showed expression of both proteins in the hyperplastic bile ducts, especially in the smaller bile ducts,120,121 which is also the location of oval cells, the putative liver stem cell. In addition, patients with PSC and hepatolithiasis show increased SCF expression on ducts containing biliary sludge or stones respectively, but not in adjacent unaffected ducts.
Perihilar Hepatectomy for Hepatolithiasis with Compressed Hilar Bile Duct Induced by Perihilar Hyperplasia of Liver
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2020
Guangyu Chen, Feng Tian, Xin Zhao, Yan Chen, Tao Peng, Jingchi Cui, Dajiang Li, Yu He, Shuguang Wang
Hepatolithiasis is a major disease with extensive lesion, complicated condition, high recurrence rate of bile duct stones, and a wide range of surgical complications [1]. The treatment methods of this disease have been recently enhanced and studied with the improved understanding of hepatolithiasis [2]. Hepatolithiasis treatment mainly relies on surgery, and many surgical treatment methods are available for complicated and extensive biliary and hepatic lesions induced by hepatolithiasis [3,4]. However, stones recur in some patients after surgery. Stone recurrence is a major clinical problem restricting the effects of surgical treatment for hepatolithiasis [5,6].