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Geragogy of everyday life
Published in Maria Łuszczyńska, Marvin Formosa, Ageing and COVID-19, 2021
During the research, seven people stayed at home, two on holiday (including one abroad), two were working, and one stayed alone in her home in the countryside. They all had families, no one was alone, although five people lived in widowhood. Apart from one person with German citizenship, the interviewees were Poles. At the time of the research she was in Poland. The interview was conducted in Polish. Four people managed the household individually, independently, four in one generation in a marriage or relationship, three lived on a two-generation household – two people with their parents (at the age of 95 and 94), and one with her husband and a studying daughter, one person in a multi-generational family – with the husband and the procreative family of one of their own children. Three people lived in houses, the rest in multi-family buildings. The health status in the self-assessment of seven respondents was good and very good, despite the cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the state of convalescence after resection of the prostate, three people assessed their health in so-so and indicated chronic diseases (pulmonary sarcoidosis, sick thyroid gland, diseased large intestine, convalescence after bone fracture). Two people assessed their well-being as bad and listed a number of comorbid chronic diseases, including diabetes, eye disease, digestive system disease, and cardiovascular disease.
Regional shape alteration of left thalamus associated with late chronotype in young adults
Published in Chronobiology International, 2023
Cheng Xu, Hui Xu, Zhenliang Yang, Chenguang Guo
In this cross-sectional study, we used the data from OpenNEURO database (https://openneuro.org) (Zareba et al. 2021). Fifty-six LC young adults and 57 EC young adults were included in our analysis. All participants met the inclusion criteria, which were listed below: (1) right-handed; (2) normal or corrected to normal vision; (3) no excessive daytime sleepiness; (4) good sleep quality; (5) regular time-of-day schedule without sleep debt; (6) no pregnant or breastfeeding; (7) no neurological and psychiatric disorders; (8) without a severe systemic disease such as tumors, or digestive system disease; and (9) no MRI contraindications. MRI and chronotype assessment were performed on all participants. Details of participants and psychological evaluations can be found in previous studies (Zareba et al. 2021). Participants’ morningness and eveningness preferences were assessed using the Chronotype Questionnaire (CHQ-ME) (Ogińska 2011). The mean score of CHQ-ME for EC young adults was 16.69, and the mean score of CHQ-ME for EC young adults was 26.39. For more detail information about the informed consent from all participants, see previous research using the same dataset by Zareba et al. (2021).
Home and Community-Based Service Utilization among Older Adults in Urban China: The Role of Social Capital
Published in Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 2020
Changmin Peng, Jeffrey A. Burr, Kyungmin Kim, Nan Lu
Following the Andersen model, predisposing factors included age (years), gender (1 = male, 0 = female), marital status (1 = married, 0 = not married), and education (1 = secondary school or higher, 0 = primary school or lower). Enabling factors included monthly household income (1 = less than 73 USD to 12 = more than 2,916 USD), living arrangements (1 = lived alone, 0 = did not live alone), number of children, and perceived social support. Perceived social support was measured with four items from the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet et al., 1988). The items included “My family and relatives are willing to help me,” “I can get emotional comfort from my family and relatives,” “I can discuss my problems with my family and relatives,” and “My family and relatives are willing to help me make important decisions.” Responses were rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Mean scores were calculated across these four items (range = 1–5, Cronbach’s alpha= .92). Need factors included self-rated health (1 = good/very good, 0 = very poor/poor/fair) and number of diseases, including circulatory system disease, cerebrovascular disease, digestive system disease, endocrine and metabolic disease, musculoskeletal disease, and respiratory system disease (range = 0–6).
Clinical characteristics of reflux esophagitis among patients with liver cirrhosis: a case-control study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Zijin Liu, Lin Wei, Huiguo Ding
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent digestive system disease characterized by troublesome heartburn and regurgitation and is reported to occur in 10.0% of the Asian population [1]. The most common complication of GERD is reflux esophagitis (RE), which occurs in 18–25% of patients with GERD symptoms [2,3]. Previous research claimed that regardless of symptoms, the prevalence of RE is 4.3–6.4% in China [4,5]. Established risk factors for RE include body mass index (BMI), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDS) usage, smoking, alcohol intake, male sex and age [1,6,7]. Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a chronic disease with significant prevalence in China. Researchers have reported that RE occurs in as many as 37–43% of all LC patients [8,9]. The pathophysiology is associated with autonomic neuropathy, increased nitrate oxide (NO) production and gut hormonal changes that can impact esophageal motility [10]. Other studies have assumed that LC complications, such as ascites or esophageal varices (EVs), might also contribute to RE [11,12]. Later research has also proved that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is another risk factor for GERD, especially in patients with an aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) over 0.3 [13]. The influence of endoscopy treatment of EVs on RE is unknown. Ghoshal et al. and Tao et al. reported that endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure, yet the 24 h pH ambulatory recording remained unchanged after EVL [14,15]. As RE can cause EVs bleeding and largely reduce quality of life of LC patients, it is important to figure out the risk factors of RE among LC patients [16–18].