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Macromolecular Absorption From The Digestive Tract In Young Vertebrates
Published in Károly Baintner, Intestinal Absorption of Macromolecules and Immune Transmission from Mother to Young, 2019
Hydrocortisone and, indirectly, ACTH increase the production of pepsinogen by the gastric chief cell of the rat.412 Thyroid hormones are ineffective alone, but have a permissive role for the induction by glucocorticoids.780 Hydrocortisone enhances the differentiation of the chief cell to a mature type abundant in rough endoplasmic reticulum and secretory granules, and switches from type-II and -III isoenzymes to type-I pepsinogen.412, 1423 After the elimination of the hormone, the cells revert to the undifferentiated type until the physiological closure occurs.1423 In the mouse, insulin is ineffective in eliciting maturation, either alone or in combination with other hormones.782
Receptors of the Gastrointestinal Hormones and Their Development
Published in Jean Morisset, Travis E. Solomon, Growth of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Gastrointestinal Hormones and Growth Factors, 2017
In gastric chief cells74 occupation of the high-affinity secretin receptor also increased maximal cAMP accumulation, but unlike the pancreatic acinar cells, such a cyclic nucleotide production was correlated with pepsin secretion. It is not known yet if secretin can induce phosphoinositide hydrolysis in these chief cells or any other target cells in the gut.
Decreased anti-parietal cell antibody titer in the advanced phase of autoimmune gastritis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Toshihiro Nishizawa, Hidenobu Watanabe, Shuntaro Yoshida, Akira Toyoshima, Yosuke Kataoka, Takamitsu Kanazawa, Naoto Yoshizawa, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Hidekazu Suzuki, Osamu Toyoshima
Pathological samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histological diagnosis was then performed by an expert gastrointestinal pathologist (H. W.). The grades of inflammation, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia were evaluated based on the updated Sydney System [20]. Neuroendocrine cell abnormalities were also evaluated by immunostaining for chromogranin A and/or gastrin. The essential histological criteria for AIG were corpus-predominant oxyntic gland atrophy, loss or decrease of parietal cells, and ECL cell hyperplasia [6,21]. Other features included gastrin cell hyperplasia, loss or decrease of gastric chief cells, foveolar hypertrophy, and infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the oxyntic gland. The foveolar/oxyntic gland ratio in the greater curvature of the corpus mucosa was calculated by dividing the vertical length of the foveolar layer by the vertical length of the oxyntic gland layer.
Correlation of pathogenic effects of laryngopharyngeal reflux and bacterial infection in COME of children
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Lei Lei, Zhao Yu, Rong Yu, Hui Yang, Jian Zou, Jianjun Ren, Jie Zhang, Dalin Zhong
The role of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) leading to COME had been emphasized over the last 10 years [4]. LPR was a upward movement of gastric and duodenal contents from the stomach through the upper esophageal sphincter (UES). Direct noxious effect of gastric contents and inflammation caused by those contents were thought as the most important mechanism of LPR causing COME [5]. Pepsin A in the gastric contents was an enzyme only produced by the gastric chief cells in the stomach which was used as a perfect marker for LPR [6].
Predictive value of nomogram based on Kyoto classification of gastritis to diagnosis of gastric cancer
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Jiejun Lin, Huang Su, Qingjie Zhou, Jie Pan, Leying Zhou
Pepsinogen is the precursor of pepsin, which was a protease secreted by gastric chief cells. The level of serum PGs reflects the morphology and function of different parts of the gastric mucosa, which can be used to detect gastric cancer caused by the atrophic gastric mucosa. Serum PG assay was conducted before esophagogastroduodenoscopy and was considered in our research.