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Surgical Emergencies
Published in Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan, Emergency Medicine, 2020
Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan
Pelvic fractures associated with the greatest risk of haemorrhage include: Quadripartite ‘butterfly’ fracture of all four pubic rami.Open-book fracture with diastasis of the symphysis pubis over 2.5 cm.(iii) Vertical shear fracture with hemipelvic disruption, such as the Malgaigne fracture.
Test Paper 7
Published in Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike, Get Through, 2017
Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike
Pelvic fractures can be divided into stable and unstable fractures. The Malgaigne, open book, straddle and bucket-handle fractures are all unstable, as the pelvic ring is interrupted in two places. The Malgaigne fracture is described in this case. The open book fracture implies fracture/diastasis of both ischiopubic rami and sacroiliac joints, the straddle fracture involves both obturator rings and the bucket-handle fracture refers to an SI joint fracture with a contralateral ischiopubic ramus fracture. Patients with unstable fractures are at significant risk of pelvic organ injury and haemorrhage. Duverney fracture is an isolated fracture of the iliac wing and is a stable fracture.
Trauma
Published in Harry Griffiths, Musculoskeletal Radiology, 2008
Malgaigne fractures were first described in 1850, well before the advent of radiographs, and they are usually on one side of the pelvis and are basically a vertical shear fracture. They separate a large fragment, which contains the hip joint, from the remainder of the pelvis, and the fracture is usually anterior in the rami, but posterior with displacement or dislocation of the sacroiliac joint. If a Malgaigne fracture is a single, vertical fracture, it is inherently stable, but this is actually rare, and most are unstable (Fig. 52).
Influence of energy absorbers on Malgaigne fracture mechanism in lumbar-pelvic system under vertical impact load
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
K. Arkusz, T. Klekiel, G. Sławiński, R. Będziński
The maximum elongation of pelvic ligaments indicating elongation greater than 1% under vertical impact load were shown in Table 5. The analysis of the mechanism of Malgaigne fracture indicated that the first injury was anterior sacroiliac ligament tears in 4.3–5 ms (elongation: 14.78–17.93%). Next, microtrauma to the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments (elongation: 1.19–3.93%) was observed. The posterior sacroiliac ligament tears were observed after that stress recorded in left pelvic bone exceed the ultimate stress and indicated its fracture (8–8.5 ms).