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Peri-operative medicine
Published in Henry J. Woodford, Essential Geriatrics, 2022
The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) is often used to categorise recovery following TBI (see Appendix A). GOS 4 or 5 (full recovery to moderate disability) is typically described as a ‘favourable' outcome and GOS 1 to 3 (severe disability to death) is described as ‘unfavourable'. Meta-analysis results of outcomes at the time of discharge for people aged over 60 admitted following TBI are shown in Table 4.3.77 Another analysis classified the outcomes of admissions to hospital with TBI at discharge into age groups (seeTable 4.5).75 These data show that outcomes are less favourable in older people, despite a similar proportion of injuries classified as mild, moderate or severe. In one series, mortality was 100% for people aged 85 or over presenting with GCS 8 or below.90
Clinical aspects of head injury
Published in Helen Whitwell, Christopher Milroy, Daniel du Plessis, Forensic Neuropathology, 2021
The eventual outcome from traumatic brain injury, taking into account cognitive, motor, sensory and other neurological deficits, as well as emotional and psychiatric disturbances, can be measured on various functional outcome scales, such as the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (Table 2.4), (Jennett and Bond 1975; Jennett et al. 1981). Using tools such as these, a number of prognostic indicators have been identified (Table 2.5) (Murray et al. 2007). These outcome scores apply for the most part to single episodes of brain trauma. The cumulative effects of repeated, low-level trauma, as seen in chronic traumatic encephalopathy, are covered in Chapter 14.
Goal Attainment Scaling in Post-Acute Outpatient Brain Injury Rehabilitation
Published in Jerry A. Johnson, Laura H. Krefting, Occupational Therapy Approaches to Traumatic Brain Injury, 2013
Therapists working with brain injured persons utilize various outcome measure systems including the Glasgow Outcome Scale (Jen-nett et al., 1981), and the Ranchos Los Amigos Scale (Hagen, 1982). In the post-acute setting, the majority of patients show little or no progress on these scales because scaling is not sufficiently sensitive to reflect long recovery period and the complexity of functional deficits. In contrast, a therapist using GAS has greater potential to show the participant's progress because the measuring tool is personalized for each individual.
Post-traumatic growth and value-directed living after acquired brain injury
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Monica C. Baseotto, Paul G. Morris, David C. Gillespie, Ceri T. Trevethan
Glasgow Outcome Scale – postal version. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS; Jennett & Bond, 1975) is the most widely used scale for the assessment of functional outcome after head injury (Wilson et al., 1998). Although generally administered as an interview, a postal version of the scale also provides reliable outcome data (Wilson et al., 2002). For the postal version, participants rate their level of functioning in six areas of living (home, shopping, travel, work, social activities, relationships). The lowest level of functioning across the six areas indicates the individual’s overall outcome category. In this study, the outcome categories used were Good Recovery, Moderate Disability and Severe Disability. The measure demonstrated good internal consistency in the current sample (α = .78).
Effects of neurological music therapy on behavioural and emotional recovery after traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled cross-over trial
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Sini-Tuuli Siponkoski, Sanna Koskinen, Sari Laitinen, Milla Holma, Mirja Ahlfors, Päivi Jordan-Kilkki, Katja Ala-Kauhaluoma, Noelia Martínez-Molina, Susanna Melkas, Matti Laine, Aarne Ylinen, Nathan Zasler, Pekka Rantanen, Jari Lipsanen, Teppo Särkämö
Clinical and demographic information from the participants were gathered upon recruitment. Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) and the Neurological Outcome Scale for Traumatic Brain Injury (NOS-TBI) were administered before start of the study to establish the level of functioning and neurological symptoms of the participants. (Wilde et al., 2010; Wilson et al., 1998) GOSE evaluates areas of communication, activities of daily living, life participation, social relationships and occupational performance, whereas NOS-TBI is designed to assess difference aspects of the neurological state including orientation, cranial nerve function, strength, sensation, language and coordination.
Validity of Glasgow outcome scale-extended (GOSE) mobile application for assessment of outcome in traumatic brain injury patients
Published in Brain Injury, 2023
Dhaval Shukla, Bhushan Diwakar Thombre, Priya Baby, Jayanthi Palaninathan, Sivakami Subramanian, PV Prathyusha, Indira Devi Bhagavatula
The Glasgow Outcome scale-extended (GOSE) is a tool that measures functional recovery in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients (1). It cuts across all the three domains of functioning including body function, activity, and participation as mentioned by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, which is the WHO framework for measuring health and disability (2).