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The Immune System in Cutaneous Disease: the Search for a Mouse Model of the Immunopathology of Psoriasis
Published in John P. Sundberg, Handbook of Mouse Mutations with Skin and Hair Abnormalities, 2020
Susan F. Grammer, J. Wayne Streilein
The flaky skin (fsn) autosomal recessive mouse mutation causes pathologic changes in the skin which resemble psoriasis. Sundberg et al. (Part II.A., Chapter 16)37,38 have described the pathological and biochemical changes associated with the skin and hematopoietic system. Skin of mice homozygous for fsn develop a patchy, thick, white scale at approximately four weeks of age, although dorsal skin is significantly thickened from one week of age on.38 This skin exhibits orthokeratosis with focal parakeratosis, acanthosis, subcorneal pustules, a mononuclear cell infiltrate into the dermis, and dilation of dermal capillaries. Sundberg et al.38 have observed a subtle but significant increase in LC and dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) in the flaky skin mutants. In addition, transfer of fsn/fsn bone marrow into scid/scid (severe combined immunodeficiency mutation) reproduces the cutaneous phenotype, and lesions are present in skin from the double mutant fsn/fsn, scid/scid. These data suggest that the psoriasiform dermatitis in the flaky skin mouse mutation is associated with abnormalities at the level of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The flaky skin mutation has now been transferred onto the BALB/cByJ background by Beamer and Sundberg, and we have carried out preliminary analysis of phenotype and immune function on epidermal cells isolated from these mice.
Pityriasis rosea-like eruption induced by isotretinoin
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2018
Gülhan Gürel, Sevinç Şahin, Emine Çölgeçen
A-20-year-old female patient had severe nodulo-cystic acne on the face for the duration of 3 years. The patient was started systemic isotretinoin at 40 mg/day. There were no side effects except dryness in the first 4 months of the patient. She was admitted to our clinic with a skin rash on her trunk that had lasted for approximately 5 days. Lesions were mild itching. She had no accompanying systemic disease and was not taking any other medication concurrently. She was using isotretinoin at a dose of only 40 mg/day for 4 months. Dermatological examination revealed scattered erythematous lesions on the trunk (Figure 1). Many of lesions had peripheral scales (Figure 2). Patient did not identify herald patch lesion. Patient did not describe prodromal symptoms. General physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory test results were within normal limits. The clinical appearance of the lesions was compatible with PR. A punch biopsy was performed from a demonstrative lesion. Light microscopic examination revealed areas of orthokeratosis and focal parakeratotic mounds in the skin. The epidermis showed mild irregular acanthosis, a small number of apoptotic keratinocytes and lymphocyte exocytosis. Edema was observed in the superficial dermis as well as perivascular lymphoid cell infiltration accompanied by infrequent eosinophilic leukocytes. Histopathological findings were consistent with PR (Figure 3(a,b)).
Chemical peel as an adjuvant treatment in pigmented contact dermatitis: a case series
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2022
Fifth patient was 32-year-old female, presented with darkening of face for 3–4 months (Figure 8a). There were no history of erythema and pruritus; history of application of hair dye and bleaching agents was there. Skin biopsy showed basket weave orthokeratosis with an increase in basal layer pigmentation; superficial dermis shows moderate perivascular mononuclear inflammation with interface activity, unremarkable deep dermis and subcutis (Figure 9 Closed patch tests with Indian standard series, cosmetic series and patient used hair color were negative.