China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Hidradenoma
Published in Longo Caterina, Diagnosing the Less Common Skin Tumors, 2019
Nodular hidradenoma, also called clear cell hidradenoma, eccrine acrospiroma, solid-cystic hidradenoma, clear cell myoepithelioma and eccrine sweat gland adenoma, is an uncommon benign adnexal neoplasm that is currently thought to be of apocrine origin, but in a minority of cases can also be eccrine (poroid hidradenoma).1 The different variants of hidradenoma cannot be distinguished on a clinical and dermoscopic basis, as in both cases they appear as well-circumscribed, slowly growing nodules with no body site predilection and are more frequently seen in middle-aged patients, with a slight prevalence in females.2 Histopathologically hidradenoma appears as nonencapsulated solitary dermal nodules that are 1–3 cm in diameter, which may be solid and cystic in different proportions; duct-like structures are also commonly present. Apocrine and eccrine hidradenomas may only be distinguished on histopathologic examination, since the latter are composed of poroid and cuticular cells; while, in the former, clear, polygonal and mucinous cells are present. Clear cells are rich in glycogen and predominate in one-third of cases. The stroma is usually sclerotic.1 The malignant variant, hidradenocarcinoma, is exceedingly rare and may originate in a preexisting hidradenoma. Because of the very aspecific clinical appearance, the differential diagnosis of hidradenoma includes many other benign and malignant skin tumors, in particular, nonmelanoma skin cancers.3
Malignant tumors
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Histopathology reveals one or several tumor nodules of variable shapes and sizes, frequently with tubular and ductal structures as well as mass necrosis. Although the overlying epithelium may be eroded or ulcerated there is no connection with the epidermis. The tumor proliferations are made up of pale to clear cells with a distinct cytoplasmic membrane, pleomorphic nuclei, and many mitoses. Nuclear atypia was described in the ungual hidradenocarcinoma. Benign clear-cell hidradenoma with focal degenerative changes has to be differentiated. Other differential diagnoses include other clear-cell tumors such as clear-cell Bowen’s carcinoma, but also rhabdoid and tumors with a granular cytoplasm.2
Epithelial and fibroepithelial tumors
Published in Eckart Haneke, Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
Hidradenocarcinoma is a rare neoplasm that has been described under various terms, such as clear-cell papillary carcinoma,329 clear-cell hidradenocarcinoma,330,331 malignant clear-cell hidradenoma,332,333 malignant clear-cell acrospiroma,334 malignant eccrine acrospiroma,335 nodular hidradenocarcinoma, clear-cell eccrine carcinoma,336 mucoepidermoid hidradenocarcinoma,337 and malignant nodular clear-cell hidradenoma;338 whether the term primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the skin339,340 is justified remains disputed. Most patients are around 50 years of age. There may be a slight female preponderance. There is no characteristic appearance allowing a clinical diagnosis to be made. It is a slow growing, asymptomatic solitary tumor. Two cases were described in the nail apparatus. One was that of a 77-year-old black man with a slowly growing mass on the right middle finger nail bed, which had begun as a pigmented band rapidly enlarging in size in the last months prior to consultation. Clinically, there was an ulcerated dome-shaped red nodule involving most of the nail proximally to the proximal nail fold. The nail plate was destroyed and partially lost. The remaining nail plate on both sides of the lesion was hyperpigmented.341 Another hidradenocarcinoma of the nail apparatus appeared clinically as a recurrent onychomycosis in a 72-year-old man.
Prognostic analysis of hidradenocarcinoma: a SEER-based observational study
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2022
Teng Gao, Sheng Pan, Meng Li, Runping Su
Our research shows that hidradenocarcinoma is a malignant tumour with a good prognosis, which is different from previous views. Tumour size is inversely proportional to patients’ overall survival time, affecting the OS and CSS of patients. At the time of diagnosis, the tumour size of most patients is within 20 mm. This may also be one of the reasons for the good prognosis. Hidradenocarcinoma originates from the skin and is usually found at an early stage. However, because of the slow progress, some patients ignored it and missed the opportunity for early treatment. Therefore, improving health awareness, initial histological examination, and timely surgery are the keys to improving prognosis.