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Premna Serratifolia L.: Potential as Nutraceutical Panacea
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra, Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
Kadakasseril V. George, Lekshmi V. Bose, Solomon Habtemariam, Jose Mathew
The antioxidant potential of the officinal part of this medicinal plant has been investigated by Rajendran et al. [105], Selvam et al. [116], Shilpa et al. [120], Jain et al. [52], Muthukumaran et al. [86], and Mali [79]. Aqueous and alcoholic fractions of stem bark and stem-wood were also analyzed for in vitro antioxidant activity [105]. These extracts also displayed very good free radical and nitric oxide scavenging activities. The antioxidant potential of the wood and bark of P. serratifolia was also determined by inducing oxidative stress in rabbits [109]. The study revealed significant antioxidant activity as evidenced from various enzyme assay techniques [22]. The study revealed significant changes in the levels of SOD, catalase, and glutathione with respect to liver, kidney, heart, and blood samples of the plant extract-treated group and was comparable with the drug “silymarin” administered group, which confirmed the potential antioxidant activity of Agnimantha.
Role of Natural Agents in the Management of Diabetes
Published in Rohit Dutt, Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Vandana Garg, Promising Drug Molecules of Natural Origin, 2020
Monika Elżbieta Jach, Anna Serefko
Preliminary research in an animal model established that administration of G. officinal is extracts (600 mg/kg a day) exerted a marked hypoglycemic impact on the diabetic condition. These studies revealed the mobilization of antioxidant and antiradical protection mechanisms. Simultaneously, the extract had a corrective influence on the leukocyte differential count. G. officinalis extracts had an inhibitory effect on the genetically programmed cell death through normalization of the quantity of white blood cells containing regulatory proteins of apoptosis (p53 and Bcl-2) and poly-(ADP)-rybosylated proteins in leukocytes of rats (Khokhla et al., 2010; Khokhla et al. 2012; Khokhla et al., 2013). Furthermore, in another preclinical study with T1DM subjects, the administration of a chloroform fraction of a G. officinalis extract promoted restoration of the neutrophil bone marrow pool and reduction of the number of lymphoblasts. It also caused inhibition of the lymphocyte apoptosis process (Nagalievska et al., 2018).
Atlas of Autofluorescence in Plant Pharmaceutical Materials
Published in Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina, Fluorescence of Living Plant Cells for Phytomedicine Preparations, 2020
Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina
This spice plant has antimicrobial, antifungal, insecticidal, and antioxidative effects on human health (Kokkini 1991; Kulisic et al. 2004; Bakkali et al. 2008). In folk and officinal medicine, it is included in pharmaceutical categories such as pectoral, carminative, diaphoretic, and so on (Murav’eva et al. 2007). As a medicinal plant, European oregano has traditionally been used as a carminative, diaphoretic, expectorant, emmenagogue, stimulant, stomachic, and tonic. In addition, it has been used as a folk remedy against colic, coughs, headaches, nervousness, toothaches, and irregular menstrual cycles (Kintzios 2002a). The active material is the essential oil, which consists of phenolic monoterpenoids (carvacrol and thymol up to 40%) and terpenoid (mono- and sesquiterpenes, where geranyl acetate is dominant at 5%) compounds (Murav’eva et al. 2007).
Medicinal plants in mitigating electromagnetic radiation-induced neuronal damage: a concise review
Published in Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 2022
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Golgodu Krishnamurthy Rajanikant, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
The use of mobile phones has increased in recent years, and humans are constantly exposed to RFR (Makker et al. 2009). As technology advances, the negative impact of radiation problems on human health will only worsen. It is a global problem because it can affect all animals and plants in the radiofrequency zone (Sultangaliyeva et al. 2020). As mobile phones are now a necessity, it is difficult to avoid unintentional exposure to EMR. However, efforts should be made to mitigate these effects. Plant and herbal medicines, which have been used since antiquity, are still widely used in many parts of the world today. This is primarily because at effective doses, they have free radical scavenging, anti-oxidant properties, adaptogenic and immune-stimulatory effects, all of which are beneficial in maintaining overall health. Furthermore, they are relatively inexpensive, do not have toxic implications in a wide dose range, can be administered orally, have wide acceptability, are rapidly absorbed, and are easy to accept.Preclinical studies in the recent past have demonstrated the neuro-radioprotective effects of Green tea polyphenols, Ginkgo biloba, lotus seedpod procyanidins, garlic extract, Loranthus longiflorus, Curcuma amada, and Rosmarinus officinal is in validated experimental models of study. These plants have been used in various traditional and folk medicine systems since antiquity to improve general health and various ailments that commonly affect humans. In the following sections, an attempt is made for the first time to compile the observations while also considering the various mechanisms of action/s being elicited to trigger the observed pharmacological effects:
Genotoxicity and teratogenicity of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berry oil
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2020
Pingjing Wen, Peng Zhao, Guangqiu Qin, Song Tang, Bin Li, Jiehong Zhang, Liang Peng
Seabuckthorn has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin disorder, mucosal injuries, cardiovascular diseases and inflammation (Kanayama et al.2012, Stobdan et al.2013, Wani et al.2016). Many efforts have been made to explore the pharmacological effects while only a few studies have been performed on the safety evaluation of the plant extracts (Wani et al.2016). Acute toxicity studies suggested low toxicity of seabuckthorn extracts. Seabuckthorn seed oil was safe in rats up to 10 mL/kg bw (Upadhyay et al.2009) and the median lethal dose (LD50) of the seabuckthorn leaf aqueous extract was reported to be >10 g/kg in rats (Saggu et al.2007). Our previous study showed that the maximum tolerated dose of SB oil was >20 mL/kg (i.e. 18.72 g/kg) bw in Kunming mice (Zhao et al.2017). In subchronic toxicity studies, seabuckthorn oil was observed to be safe in rats and rabbits at a dose of 2.5 mL/kg (Upadhyay et al.2009) and 1.5 mL/kg (Rashid et al.2011), respectively. Results of our recent study determined that the NOAEL of SB oil was 10 mL/kg (i.e., 9.36 g/kg) bw for both male and female SD rats in a 90-day repeated oral toxicity study (Zhao et al.2017). However, adverse effects of seabuckthorn extracts have also been reported in the literature. Plasma glucose levels increased in rats treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg aqueous extract of seabuckthorn berries over 90 days (Tulsawani 2010). In addition, proliferation of lymphoid tissue was observed in Japanese quail fed with 2% seabuckthorn leaf powder (Patial et al.2013). However, data on the safe consumption of seabuckthorn or its extract in humans is lacking. Although the Chinese Pharmacopoeia suggests that a safe dose for officinal use of seabuckthorn dried berries is approximately 3–10 g/day in humans (Editorial Committee of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010).
Nutraceuticals-based therapeutic approach: recent advances to combat pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2021
Marjan Talebi, Eleni Kakouri, Mohsen Talebi, Petros A. Tarantilis, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Selen İlgün, Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri, Saeed Samarghandian
Thymoquinone is a monoterpenoid compound available in the volatile oil of Nigella sativa [182]. Pretreatment of thymoquinone in primary cultured cerebral granule neurons led to inhibition of caspase caspase-3, -8, -9 activation [183,184]. Carnosic acid is a diterpene isolated from Rosmarinus officinal rescued primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons from 5 K-induced apoptosis by activating a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pro-survival pathway [185].