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Integrative hyperthermia treatments for different types of cancer
Published in Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee, Hyperthermia in Oncology, 2015
Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee
For the syndrome of liver stagnation and phlegm coagulation, a modified Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction is given. For the syndrome of blood stasis and sputum block, Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction plus modified Sini Powder are given. For the syndrome of yin deficiency and internal heat, Yiguan Decoction plus modified Yangwei Decoction are given. For the syndrome of deficiency of qi and declination of yang, Danggui Buxue Decoction plus modified Ginseng Guizhi Decoction are given. Chinese formulated products commonly used are Pingxiao Capsule, Huachansu Injection, Yadanzi Emulsion, Antike, Zengshengping Tablet, Tongdao Powder, and so on.
Update on the effects of the sodium pump α1 subunit on human glioblastoma: from the laboratory to the clinic
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2018
Yu-Long Lan, Zhen-Long Yu, Jia-Cheng Lou, Xiao-Chi Ma, Bo Zhang
Bufalin, a bufadienolide CTS originally isolated from Chinese toad venom (Chan Su), inhibits human glioblastoma growth [90]. Regrettably, in addition to the α1 subunit, bufalin appears to have an equal binding preference for all sodium pump isoforms [82]. Bcl-2/Bax, caspase, death mediators (such as TRAIL), steroid receptor coactivators Src-3 and Src-1, and endoplasmic reticulum stress have all been reported to be involved in the anticancer effect of bufalin [91–94]. Since these positive results were found, huachansu, a water-soluble extract of dried toad skin, has entered clinical trials. Currently, huachansu has been approved and marketed in China [95] and has been proven to be well tolerated, even at doses eight times those normally administered in China. As a single agent, huachansu can stabilize disease in a subset of patients. The observed side effects related to huachansu are hematological, gastrointestinal, mucocutaneous, and cardiovascular in nature [95]. These side effects do not appear to be dose-related, and whether they are genuinely related to the drugs or rather to the underlying disease remains unclear. Importantly, significant cardiac toxicity was not observed despite the administration of high doses of this cardiac glycoside-containing compound. Additionally, no statistically significant changes in cancer-related symptoms have been associated with the administration of huachansu. In a clinical study performed in the United States, this product was tested as an intravenous treatment for patients with various cancers, revealing optimistic results and promising disease stabilization properties of this compound in 40% of patients as well as no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) or cardiotoxicity [71]. Regrettably, however, data regarding its pharmacokinetics and whether it can penetrate the BBB have not been explored.