China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Safety Issues of Essential Oils: Applications in Aromatherapy
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ademola Olabode Ayeleso, T. Jesse Joel, Sujogya Kumar Panda, The Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants, 2019
Anindya Sundar Ray, Suman Kalyan Mandal, Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman
Potency of the placebo effect is related with either the patient’s belief in the therapy or the patient or practitioner’s belief in each other [177]. Studies so far made in this subject have confirmed the existence of placebo effect, because in the majority of cases, aromatherapy is administered to calibrate one’s psychological balance. For example, breathing patterns of a patient under aromatherapy are changed intuitively due to the stimulation of emotion controlling center of the brain (the limbic system). Sweet odors help to raise the tidal volume of lung and to decrease the respiratory frequency, which causes harmonic slow and deep breathing. Induction of this meditationary breathing pattern helps to reduce pain [21]. It was also found that the level of opioids in the brain of rats was increased significantly when inhaled with certain EOs. It has also been observed that the pain-relieving factor of opioid was increased in the body by autosuggestion, belief, relaxation, etc. [19]. The increase of opioids basically reduces the pain and uneasiness associated with slow breathing and blood circulatory functions [19, 115]. There is a long debate among the scientists on the placebo effect in aromatherapy. Some scientists have a real faith for retaining complementary and alternative medicine, and others argued that scientific proof of placebo effect is necessary.
Tension-type headache: diagnosis and treatment
Published in Stephen D. Silberstein, Richard B. Upton, Peter J. Goadsby, Headache in Clinical Practice, 2018
Stephen D. Silberstein, Richard B. Upton, Peter J. Goadsby
The most commonly used forms of relaxation training are progressive relaxation training and autogenic training. The goal of progressive relaxation training is to help patients recognize tension and relaxation in everyday life. Patients leam to sequentially tense and then release or relax various groups of muscles throughout the body. They are told to practice relaxation training daily at home, and audiotapes are usually provided for assistance.135 Autogenic training, developed by Schultz and Luthe, is based on autosuggestion.137 It seeks to simultaneously regulate mental and somatic functions by passively concentrating on a formula, such as ‘my forehead is cool’.
Introduction
Published in Yulia Ustinova, Divine Mania, 2017
Hypnosis, including autosuggestion, is a very efficient method of consciousness manipulation.248 A change in the focus of attention, for instance by means of meditation, is commonly acknowledged, particularly in religious and therapeutic contexts.249 Drug consumption is probably the most prominent technique used for this purpose for millennia.250 Self-inflicted mortification, such as fatigue, fasting, sleeplessness, and pain can also shift the consciousness from its baseline state.251 Fasting, which leads to hypoglycaemia, and dehydration are commonly used by ascetics in combination with other methods to induce an alteration of consciousness.252 These techniques are often used in combinations that significantly amplify their effects, and are intensified when a person is culturally and cognitively prepared for the alteration of consciousness.253
Adaptive Experiential Theory of Hypnosis
Published in International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 2023
Cameron T. Alldredge, Gary R. Elkins
It is important, here, to clarify that we view hypnotic responding to occur along a continuum (Figure 2). On one end, the rational system is still dominant and responses to suggestions are carried out primarily due to social and cognitive factors. In many ways, this reflects what has been proposed by sociocognitive theories. We fully identify that these factors play an important role and are likely most relevant to consciously driven behavior and response to “easier” hypnotic suggestions. These factors include motivation, personal interpretations of task demands, expectancies, demand characteristics, cultural norms, attitudes, and the situation. Thus, many observed responses to heterosuggestion and autosuggestion both inside and outside of a hypnotic context can likely be accounted for by these factors.
Hypnotic Ego-strengthening: Where We’ve Been and the Road Ahead
Published in American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 2020
The literature on hypnotic ego strengthening is somewhat sparse. We could begin with the famous words of the Frenchman Emil Coué (1922) is famous for his recommendation of repeating the conscious autosuggestion, “Everyday in every way, I’m getting better and better.” The medical literature traces the beginnings of research on ego-strengthening to Hartland (1965, 1971). Hartland was a physician in Wales who advocated ego-strengthening to be done prior to symptom removal, believing that no one would give up symptoms until he or she felt strong enough to do so. His approach was direct and authoritarian. After an induction involving breathing, sequential muscle relaxation, and deepening, he added eight minutes of ego-strengthening suggestions covering a wide variety of areas: mental and physical strengthening, safety and security, increased confidence, happiness, and well-being. He admitted that developing the content of the suggestions was a trial and error effort. After Hartland became a psychiatrist, he found that when he preceded hypnoanalytic work with the same suggestions he had used in his general practice, the length of treatment was shortened. He felt ego-strengthening should be used before and after uncovering hypnotic work. He believed that ego-strengthening reduced anxiety and increased the patient’s confidence in his or her coping abilities.
Psychological treatment of problematic sexual interests: cross-country comparison
Published in International Review of Psychiatry, 2019
Kateřina Klapilová, Liubov Y. Demidova, Helen Elliott, Charles A. Flinton, Petr Weiss, J. Paul Fedoroff
Different psychotherapeutic approaches are discussed and applied. Examples include psychoanalytic treatment of individuals convicted of sexual crimes (International Association for Forensic Psychotherapy, 2018), hypnosis (Zhitlovskii, 2007), or autosuggestion in supportive therapy (Goland, 1983). The patient is taught techniques relating to relaxation, distraction, and aversion to anomalous targets of sexual interest as well as techniques reinforcing normative sexual interest in adults. Hypnosis, suggestive programming, and modelling are used when the patient is exposed to suggestive thoughts about normal sexual intercourse. Catharsis and regressive techniques are used to address past traumatic experiences (Kocharyan, 2013).