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The art and science of mindfulness
Published in Antonella Sansone, Cultivating Mindfulness to Raise Children Who Thrive, 2020
It is evident that the interpersonal attunement of secure attachment between parent and child corresponds to an interpersonal form of attunement in mindful awareness (Siegel, 2007). Both forms of attunement promote the capacity for intimate relationships, resilience and well-being. Studies of secure attachment and those of mindful awareness practices have strikingly overlapping findings (Kabat-Zinn, 2003b; Sroufe et al., 2005). Siegel found that these findings were also associated with the functions of the prefrontal cortex: regulation of body systems, balancing emotions, attuning to others, modulating fear, responding flexibly and manifesting insights and empathy. The practice of mindfulness seems to also promote intuition and moral behaviour, two other functions of the prefrontal region.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Published in Judy Z. Koenigsberg, Anxiety Disorders, 2020
Empathy allows a therapist to understand what is going on in a client’s mind, to prepare a client for psychological interpretations, repairs the disruptions that take place in the therapeutic relationship, and is the essence of therapeutic engagement (Gilbert & Orlans, 2011; Kohut, 1984; Peri et al., 2015). When a therapist uses emotional attunement to understand the emotional being of patients, patients can more easily become aware of their own thoughts and feelings (Peri, Gofman, Tal, & Tuval-Mashiach, 2015; Stern, 1985). The therapist was able to empathically feel herself into Roberta’s difficult circumstances. According to Kohut (1971, 1977), if the parent, in this case, Roberta’s mother, is unable to offer sufficient empathy to meet the needs of the child, the child may not develop sufficient coping abilities to self-soothe and maintain self-esteem. Although Roberta reported that she felt somewhat better after CBT, Roberta continued to report difficulties, which could be attributed to the empathic failures that she experienced during childhood when her mother was not receptive to her selfobject needs. When Roberta was growing up, she felt that something was wrong with her when, in reality, her mother was too depressed to respond to her. Roberta learned to internalize her mother’s distraught state, and it took her a long time to trust her buddies in Vietnam, while she was away from home.
Philosophical underpinnings
Published in Susan Crowther, Joy at Birth, 2019
Attunement is an ontologically descriptive notion that is made concrete in affective states, such as moods and emotions that can be shown to have causes, such as fear of childbirth and are material, measurable, and often visible (e.g. ontic moods). Conversely, examining an ontological background of attunements is to foreground ontic (material) moods and appreciate attunement as the backgrounded basis upon which ontic moods manifest. In other words, attunement is the background workings of Dasein. Daseins are always attuned somehow, making the foregrounded ontic affective states including moods and emotions possible. In other words, attunements are not merely passing personal feelings or emotions but are intrinsically a part of the shared experience of Being-in-the-world, namely, Dasein and human being.
Transforming Power Through Cultural Humility in the Intercultural Contact Zone of Art Therapy
Published in Art Therapy, 2023
Foronda et al. (2016) defined cultural humility as an engagement with diversity that acknowledges unequal power relations and cultivates respectful, mutually beneficial relationships. Cultural humility on the intrapersonal level requires critical consciousness through self-awareness, openness, and self-reflexivity. Aware that a lack of attunement can hinder clinical effectiveness, therapists ideally practice cultural humility interpersonally through nonhierarchical, supportive interactions with clients grounded in care (Foronda et al., 2016). The concept should not be limited to these dimensions, however. Beyond the interpersonal, there is an important collective level to cultural humility that recognizes structural forces within the social, political, and historical contexts that shape lived experience, particularly those that marginalize and oppress communities, not just individuals (Abe, 2020).
A Trauma-Informed Parenting Intervention Model for Mothers Parenting Young Children During Residential Treatment for Substance Use Disorder
Published in Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 2023
Tracy Jirikowic, J. Christopher Graham, Therese Grant
Maternal and child risk factors and subsequent parenting and behavioral challenges can disrupt parent-child co-regulation, attachment, and early relationships. This can lead to a cycle of mismatched responses and negative interactions that intensify parenting stress and exacerbate child developmental problems. Co-regulation is the process of mutual parent and child attunement (Calkins & Hill, 2007; Tronick, 2007). Attunement is facilitated through responsive caregiving behaviors such as the ongoing exchange of caring eye contact, holding or rocking the child in a loving manner, comforting words or songs, and timely and consistent responses to emotional states, situations, and surroundings (Rosenbalm & Murray, 2017). Responsive and attuned caregiving supports emerging regulatory abilities by helping young children to learn to manage behavioral states and emotions, adapt to sensations, and cope with stress. In contrast, diminished caregiver sensitivity or responsiveness interferes with the development of these critical foundations for social and emotional development. The early caregiver-child interactions that shape regulatory competencies have enduring impacts on children’s learning, growth and development (Feldman, 2009, 2017; Feldman & Eidelman, 2009).
Relational Work Through Technology: Understanding the Impact of Telemental Health on the Therapeutic Alliance
Published in Smith College Studies in Social Work, 2023
The abrupt and necessary pivot to the use of technology in relational psychotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic immediately raised concerns about how the therapeutic relationship would be affected by the absence of physical presence. Therapeutic presence is a trans-theoretical concept that describes the intentional effort on the part of the therapist to approach the treatment in a way that is grounded and present while providing optimal space for the patient to feel seen, heard, and met in the clinical encounter (Geller, 2021). Establishing a presence that communicates safety and a desire to meet the needs of the patient through intentional empathic attunement is supported in the literature as foundational to the promotion of a positive therapeutic alliance (Geller & Porges, 2014). Telepresence is a concept that extends this idea to better understand how therapeutic presence is established and experienced differently when using technology to conduct psychotherapy (Rathenau et al., 2022). Intentional telepresence helps participants become absorbed in the interaction and forget they are not together physically, which can help build a positive therapeutic bond (Bouchard et al., 2007). Psychotherapy conducted virtually changes dynamics important in developing a solid therapeutic presence. Attention will now be paid to concepts in the development of telepresence that are of particular importance to relational psychotherapists.