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Poultry and Eggs
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
Among these nutrients, attention focuses on iron and vitamins B9 and B12 because deficits may cause or exacerbate anemia, which this book characterizes as an affliction of some premodern peoples and which later sections discuss. Chapter 1 remarked that when iron and a B vitamin are deficient, neither shortage need be marked to produce anemia.52Table 6.3 lists these nutrients in chicken, chicken egg, turkey, duck, goose, beef, bison, pork, venison, and salmon.53 These comparisons favor bison and venison over chickens, their eggs, turkeys, ducks, and geese for iron and vitamin B12. Additionally, salmon surpasses poultry, though not eggs, in B9, and salmon and beef have more B12 than poultry and eggs. Poultry and eggs do not best protect against anemia.
Paragonimus
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Pham Ngoc Doanh, Haruhiko Maruyama, David Blair, Yukifumi Nawa
Several species of Paragonimus exploit paratenic hosts, commonly rodents. Some birds (hens, ducks, and geese) have been reported as experimental paratenic hosts.1 Consumption of paratenic hosts is probably the route by which infection occurs in large carnivores.33 The role of wild boars as paratenic hosts and as a cause of human paragonimiasis was demonstrated in Japan.34 Surprisingly, human paragonimiasis cases due to consumption of shika-sashi, a venison version of sashimi, have also been reported in Japan.35,36 Living P. westermani juveniles were isolated from muscles of a sika deer, Cervus nippon, in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.37 Yoshida et al. indicated that the overall contribution of raw venison consumption to the occurrence of paragonimiasis infection in Japan was estimated to be around 10%–20% in some highly endemic areas.38 Presumably, herbivorous sika deer do not seek freshwater crabs for food, they just accidentally intake crabs with grass near marshes. This suggests that other herbivorous animals can serve as paratenic hosts of Paragonimus species. Eating raw meat of any animals in Paragonimus-endemic areas should be avoided.
Can participation improve food safety?
Published in Kristina Roesel, Delia Grace, Food Safety and Informal Markets, 2014
Kristina Roesel, Delia Grace, Kohei Makita, Bassirou Bonfoh, Erastus Kang’ethe, Lusato Kurwijila, Saskia Hendrickx, Cheryl McCrindle, Kwaku Tano-Debrah, Girma Zewde, Helena Matusse, Kennedy Bomfeh, Fanta Desissa, Yolande Aké Assi Datté, Sylvain Gnamien Traoré, Joy Appiah, Flavien Ndongo, Marisa Spengler, Sylvie Mireille Kouamé-Sina, Kaiza Kilango, Antoine Bassa Yobouet, Ibrahim Sow, Kebede Amenu
Key informant interviews proved to be excellent tools to get acquainted with the informants and to establish trust, which was crucial for later microbiological sampling as many participants feared fines. Moreover, by answering questions, the respondents actually challenged their own behaviour. Sylvie Mireille Kouamé-Sina reported that consumers interviewed in Abidjan who used to drink a lot of raw milk later came to prefer pasteurized milk after they considered the risks associated with drinking raw milk. In South Africa, venison offal from commercial game farms used to be discarded, despite passing primary meat inspection. However, it is now used as food after Shashi Ramrajh interviewed key stakeholders living near game farms and found evidence of a market and demand for offal in the local communities (Chapter 28).
Neuro-Ophthalmic Literature Review
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2023
David A. Bellows, Noel C. Y. Chan, John J. Chen, Hui-Chen Cheng, Panitha Jindahra, Peter W. MacIntosh, Collin McClelland, Michael S. Vaphiades, Xiaojun Zhang
The authors reported a 23-year-old man with a history of migraine and focal seizures who presented with painless visual loss in the left eye associated with optic disk oedema. There was no recent history of cat exposure except for a cat that lived outside. Initial laboratory studies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits without and with fat suppression and intravenous contrast was normal. The patient reported routinely skinning, processing and consuming deer while not wearing gloves, and he also frequently had cuts on his hands while doing so. The serum Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibody returned at >400 (normal range [NR] 0–7.1 IU/mL) with the IgM at 10.4 (NR 0–7.9 AU/mL). This case illustrates that, if unprotected with gloves, transdermal infection of toxoplasmosis can occur when processing venison. Since this case was written, other similar cases have been seen by the first author.
Diagnosis & management of alpha-gal syndrome: lessons from 2,500 patients
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2020
The primary advice for newly diagnosed patients with AGS is to completely avoid meat of mammals [11]. In most areas of the U.S. this means beef, pork, venison, and lamb. Internal organs are equally or more able to induce reactions and these should be avoided as well, especially pork kidney [19]. Equally, fattier forms of meat are more consistently associated with symptoms and more severe reactions upon challenge [4,6,28]. Cooking does not appear to significantly denature the alpha-gal epitope but, in our experience, may reduce reaction severity likely through reduction in fat content [35]. Meat and products derived from other mammals such as bison, buffalo, rabbit, horse, and goat should equally be avoided [36]. Patients do report symptoms with exposure to fumes from mammalian meats/fats being cooked; however, no blinded challenges have been published to definitively document the airborne (droplet) route of exposure. Interestingly, experience suggests fumes may pose a more potent risk to reactive patients than moderate levels of pet dander exposure. As with other food allergies, we take an individualized approach to management of AGS [37]. This includes not only dietary avoidance advice (strict vs. isolated exposures vs. daily exposures) but also nutritional management, discussion of labeling issues and hidden exposures, awareness of individual eliciting threshold doses and the possible influence of tick bites, as well as use of masks for fume-sensitive patients, inhaled beta-agonists, prophylactic anti-histamines, and even omalizumab.
Dysbiosis in a canine model of human fistulizing Crohn’s disease
Published in Gut Microbes, 2020
Ana Maldonado-Contreras, Lluís Ferrer, Caitlin Cawley, Sarah Crain, Shakti Bhattarai, Juan Toscano, Doyle V. Ward, Andrew Hoffman
Treatment with diet for both pCD and CAF is still in debate. A dietary guidance for patients with IBD has been recently published highlighting the lack of strong evidence for foods to include or avoid for patients with IBD.22 Most IBD-friendly whole food diets involved exclusion of carbohydrates, inclusion of lean protein, fruits, and vegetables.23–25 Similarly, few studies have demonstrated adverse reaction of foods in some dogs with CAF.21,26-28 Dietary treatment with “novel protein” -refer to foods with protein sources not consumed before by the dog with CAF- such as venison, lamb, fish, bison, duck-show modest results in CAF treatment when used in combination with immunosuppressants, antibiotics, and/or surgery.21,26-28