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Biobased Products for Viral Diseases
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Gleice Ribeiro Orasmo, Giovanna Morghanna Barbosa do Nascimento, Maria Gabrielly de Alcântara Oliveira, Jéssica Missilany da Costa
Phenolic compounds extracted from the root of Isatis indigotica L. (Lin et al. 2005) and eight diterpenoids and four biflavonoids isolated from the ethanol extract of Torreya nucifera (L.) Siebold & Zucc. leaves (Ryu et al. 2010) showed activity against the SARS-CoV 3CL (pro) enzyme. Eighteen active substances, including 17 organosulfur compounds found in garlic essential oil or garlic extract (Allium sativum L.), inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Thuy et al. 2020). The results show that the 17 compounds, responsible for 99.4% of the contents of the garlic essential oil, have strong interactions with the amino acids of the ACE2 protein and the main protease of SARS-CoV-2.
The use of terpenes and derivatives as a new perspective for cardiovascular disease treatment: a patent review (2008–2018)
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2019
Eric Aian P. Silva, Jéssica S. Carvalho, Adriana G. Guimarães, Rosana de S.S. Barreto, Márcio R.V. Santos, André S. Barreto, Lucindo J. Quintans-Júnior
In relation to treatment of metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, were found four patents in that area. In 2009, Jeong et al. [30], from South Korea, patented an extract for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease from Torreya nucifera which has a novel abietane diterpenoid namely 12-hydroxyabietic-8,11,13-trien-18-dimethylacetyl (2). The extract has also other terpenes, such as isopimaric acid, dehydroabietinol, kayadiol, and δ-cadinol. The compounds was tested in infusion and the methanolic phase. The results showed great antioxidative activity to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by TBARS method and also significantly inhibited Acyl-CoA and cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), thus reducing blood LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. Thus, this compound may provide a novel drug for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, which can be caused by oxidation of LDL. Additionally, a toxicity test in mice was performed, which they were treated orally once (100, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg, p.o) and no toxicity was detected neither from weight changes, hematological and biochemical tests nor autopsy.
Phytonutrient Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2/NSP5-Encoded Main Protease (Mpro) Autocleavage Enzyme Critical for COVID-19 Pathogenesis
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2023
Sreus A. G. Naidu, Yamini B. Tripathi, Priya Shree, Roger A. Clemens, A. Satyanarayan Naidu
Other medicinal plants such as Isatis tinctoria, Torreya nucifera, Psoralea corylifolia, and Rheum palmatum. demonstrate potent anti-Mpro activity (66). Baicalein, a natural compound commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, is a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. In a randomized, double-blind, single-dose clinical trial (n = 72), Baicalein (100-2800 mg) was well tolerated in the treatment of acute, or chronic hepatitis (67). The Mpro inhibitor NLC-001, a phytonutrient supplement that is currently undergoing a human clinical trial in Israel, is a possible oral intervention against COVID-19 (68).