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Weaning a Baby onto a Vegan Diet
Published in Mary Nolan, Shona Gore, Contemporary Issues in Perinatal Education, 2023
While ample protein can be obtained from a varied plant-based diet, the somewhat lower digestibility and variable amino acid balance of plant proteins has led to suggestions that protein intake recommendations be increased by up to 30% for children relying on plant proteins (Mangels & Messina, 2001). Overall protein quality can be improved by ensuring different plant sources of protein (e.g. grains and legumes) are included at each meal or no more than six hours apart (Young & Pellett, 1994). This is because amino acids consumed up to six hours apart are able to be used to form ‘complete’ protein; so, for example, if rice is eaten at lunch at 1pm and beans at dinner at 6pm, the amino acids from each will complement each other. However, if the rice is eaten at 7am and the beans at 6pm, they will not do so.
Towards the Importance of Fenugreek Proteins
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Nutritional or nutritive value of proteins is an indicative of their quality and bioavailability, and relies on amino acid composition, essential amino acids, proteins’ susceptibility to hydrolysis during digestion, anti-nutrients, and the effects of processing. One important aspect of protein quality interacts with essential amino acids. Protein quality refers to the balance of the amino acids that are absorbed and utilized for growth and other purposes (Friedman, 1996).
Dietary Influence on Muscle Protein Synthesis and Hypertrophy
Published in Peter M. Tiidus, Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Paul J. LeBlanc, Andrea R. Josse, The Routledge Handbook on Biochemistry of Exercise, 2020
James McKendry, Stuart M. Phillips
Protein quality:Consume higher-quality protein sources and those with a high EAA content, in particular leucine. However, a full complement of EAAs is necessary to sustain the MPS response.Supplementing a lower dose of protein with additional leucine may be a useful strategy in lieu of a sufficient bolus.
A Randomized Controlled Pilot Exercise and Protein Effectiveness Supplementation Study (EXPRESS) on Reducing Frailty Risk in Community-Dwelling Older People
Published in Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2021
Agathe Daria Jadczak, Renuka Visvanathan, Robert Barnard, Natalie Luscombe-Marsh
No other differences were noted between the groups for any of the primary or secondary outcomes and in part this likely relates to the small sample size, but we also must stress that participants enrolled in the study were nutritionally healthy with no sarcopenia and were already consuming an adequate protein intake (i.e., 1.1 g/kg/day on average). In addition, Joy et al.54 also suggest that the difference in protein quality (i.e., plant vs. animal sources) becomes less critical if an omnivorous diet is consumed, which has been the case for all our study participants. However, some improvements seen over time (i.e., grip strength, physical and cognitive performance, and quality of life), and the fact that 39 participants were no longer considered as being at-risk of frailty (i.e., neither pre-frail or frail) suggest that a combined exercise and nutrition program is a promising strategy to at least maintain, but potentially also to prevent the increasing risk of frailty, especially for those populations at risk. Further, in order to ensure participant engagement with a nutrition intervention long-term, the source of the protein should be considered and the choice for animal or plant-based protein must be determined based on the preference and tolerability of each individual participant.
Unravelling the health effects of fasting: a long road from obesity treatment to healthy life span increase and improved cognition
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2020
Françoise Wilhelmi de Toledo, Franziska Grundler, Cesare R. Sirtori, Massimiliano Ruscica
For several years, zero calorie diets were followed by a medical team in hospital wards. Despite the polymorbidity of the patients, the procedure seemed to be safe for periods of 60–100 days. Because of the long duration, the costs for hospitalisation were considered as too elevated and, as a consequence, people started total fasting on their own. Furthermore, obese subjects could also buy protein supplemented diet formulas in supermarkets, without any supervision. One of these products consisting of a liquid based hydrolysate of collagen proteins, the so called “liquid protein diet” (LPD) was linked to deaths from cardiac arrest in 32 out of 44 casualties [118]. Again, the histological diagnosis was myofibrillar gross fragmentation but, unlike the first documented case, the subjects were still obese. The poor protein quality of LPD might have played an accelerating role in protein pool depletion or else in depletion of specific amino acids.
Differences In Nutritional And Physical Health Indicators Among Older African Americans, European Americans, And Hispanic Americans
Published in Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2019
Sareen S. Gropper, Ruth M. Tappen, Edgar Ramos Vieira
This study focused on dietary protein intake but also included assessment of vitamin D status because deficiency is known to negatively impact muscle strength and function.27,28 Participants in this study exhibited adequate vitamin D status with no significant differences among groups. Assessment of other dietary-related factors that are known to influence muscle and that have been implicated in the prevention and management of sarcopenia, such as antioxidant nutrient status and omega-3 fatty acid intake, was not conducted in this study but should be evaluated in future studies.47 Some additional limitations of this study include the cross-sectional design that does not allow for making cause-effect inferences about the associations observed. Also, a limited number of African American and Hispanic American males participated in the study. Additionally, food sources of protein consumed by participants were not evaluated to identify possible differences in protein quality. Such an examination in future studies is likely to provide valuable information that could be used for intervention programs.