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Plant Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Vegetable oils are lipid liquid extracted from different parts of plants such as seeds (rapeseed, sunflower seed), legumes (peanut, soybean), nuts (walnut, almond), or the flesh of some fruits (olives) (273–276). Vegetable oils are pressed from the plants and are then processed and refined to produce high-quality oils suitable for use as an ingredient in recipes, for frying, in salad dressings, and in the production of margarines and spreads (273). Culinary oils are liquid at room temperature. Major edible vegetable oils in terms of production include soybean, sunflower, palm oil, and rapeseed, which together account for approximately 79% of the total production in the world (273–275). Other oils such as olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, corn oil, canola oil, flaxseed oil, and coconut oil are also used for frying, salad dressing, and snack food processing. Some oils extracted from nuts like almond oil, walnut oil, cashew oil, and pine nut oil are very expensive and mainly used as flavoring agents or in traditional medicine. Oils obtained by distillation are called essences, which are mainly destined for medicinal or cosmetic uses.
Food Allergy
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Alison Cassin, Ashley Devonshire, Stephanie Ward, Meghan McNeill
Almond, Brazil nut, cashew, chestnut, filbert/hazelnut, macadamia, pecan, pine nut, pistachio, and walnut are considered tree nuts (see Table 15.4 for complete list). Tree nuts are used in cereals, crackers, ice cream, marinades, and sauces, and more recently, gluten-free foods (almond flour) and vegan foods (cashew cheese), making avoidance more difficult. Nut pastes and nut butters are often made on shared equipment. Pure tree nut extracts, such as almond and walnut, may contain allergens; however, natural almond extract is often derived from peach pits and is not allergenic. Coconut is not a tree nut and is safe for individuals allergic to tree nuts.
Nuts
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
Modern taxonomy’s originator, Swedish naturalist Carl von Linne (1707–1778)—better known as Carolus Linnaeus—defined a nut as a seed with rigid skin.1 Among botanists, this idea has yielded to the definition of a nut as a fruit within a shell. Chapter 14 defines a fruit as a flower’s fertilized ovary, which develops to hold seeds. A nut, therefore, has an additional structure—a shell that encases a fruit—and so is more than a fruit by itself and more than Linnaeus’ seed inside unyielding skin. The botanical definition of a nut, in excluding mere seeds within shells, rejects naming almonds (Amygdalus communis), pecans (Carya illinoinensis), and walnuts (Juglans regia) as nuts. Some edibles that are branded nuts—for example, coconuts (Cocos nucifera), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), pine nuts (Pinus species), Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa), and Grape nuts—are also not nuts. Grape nuts flagrantly misuse language, being neither grapes (Vitis vinifera) nor nuts.
Association between nut consumption and cancer risk: a meta-analysis
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Chang Cao, Xinyan Gan, Yan He, Shiqi Nong, Yonglin Su, Zheran Liu, Yu Zhang, Xiaolin Hu, Xingchen Peng
All prospective cohort studies concerning the relationship between nuts intake and cancer risk or mortality were assessed for eligibility. Candidate studies were included if they met the following criteria: 1) prospective cohort studies or case-cohort studies; 2) considered intake of total nuts (including peanuts and tree nuts), tree nuts (including almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia, pecans, pistachios, pine nuts, and walnuts), peanuts and peanut butter as exposure; 3) considered the risk of cancer or mortality as outcomes; 4) reported estimate of hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR) with the corresponding 95% CIs. If the same cases from the same cohort were reported in more than one study, only the most recent study or the study reporting the most cases was included. If articles included the cases from the same cohort but assessed different exposure or outcomes (e.g., different cancers), they were included in the meta-analysis and dose-response analysis.
Short-term effects of modest salt reduction combined with DASH diet on changing salt eating habits in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2022
Dan Chen, Jie Tang, Tao Gong, Lisha Mu, Jing Li, Pingping Yu, Hao Wang, Xiaoqing Bu, Lihong Mu, Ying Mei
We modified the DASH dietary according to the DASH dietary energy estimate sheet, the dietary pagoda for Chinese residents, and the dietary habits of Chinese people. Breakfast: staple food +1 egg +1 liquid food①Staple food: 1 noodles/steamed bun/cereal/bread (recommended: vegetable noodles, multi-grain steamed bun, sugar-free cereal, whole wheat bread, etc.)②Liquid food: 1 milk/soybean milk/porridge (recommended: low-fat high-calcium milk, sugar-free soybean milk, whole grain porridge)③Egg: (recommended: boiled egg). Lunch: staple food + 250 g vegetable + 50 ~ 100 g meat. Dinner: staple food + 250 g vegetable + 50 g meat①Staple food: multi-grain rice (1 bowl, 2/3 rice, 1/3 multi-grain) (recommended: wheat, buckwheat, corn, oats red beans, mung beans, black beans, corn grits, etc.)②vegetables: (recommended: eggplant, onion, mushroom, tomato, winter melon, celery, cucumber, cabbage, etc.)③lean meat: white is given priority (recommended: chicken breast, pork lean, freshwater fish, etc.). Extra meals: 1 nuts + 1 fruit (recommended: walnuts, chestnuts, pine nuts, pistachios, almonds; dragon fruit, apple, grapefruit, cherry, apricot, etc.)
Diet Therapy for Cancer Prevention and Treatment Based on Traditional Persian Medicine
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2018
MD has been known to be associated with a reduced risk of many types of cancer. A balanced ratio of omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids and high amounts of polyphenols, antioxidants, and fiber found in various elements of this diet have been related to its cancer prevention (190). There is close similarities between TPM anticancer diet and the typical MD which is characterized by high consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids from olive oil, fruits and vegetables, nuts, cereals, plant proteins, low-fat dairy, fish, moderate red wine, and low red meat intake (191). Olive and almond oil, fruits, vegetables like zucchinis, cucumbers, leek, lettuce, etc. and nuts especially almonds and pine nuts, fish, milk, and barley are present in both diets. However, additional food elements exist in TPM anticancer diet which may enhance its effectiveness. For instance, the presence of high amounts of cytotoxic spices including saffron, black pepper, caraway, cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, etc. can enhance the effectiveness of TPM diet. Moreover, high use of honey and its products as well as liquid whey, which are known to be cytotoxic, in drinks and foods offers beneficial attributes for TPM diet.