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Potential of Mycochemicals in the Prevention and Control of Microbial Diseases
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Microorganisms can be divided into the following groups: bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses. They are ubiquitous; hence their presence has beneficial, unapparent and harmful effects on the environment where they exist. Society benefits from microorganisms in many ways. They are involved in the production of indigenous African fermented foods such as “garri”, “ogi”, “pupuru”. Microorganisms also play important roles in the production of bread, cheese, beer, antibiotics, probiotics, vaccines, vitamins, enzymes and many other important products. Hence, they are useful in food, pharmaceutical, waste treatment and in the generation of electricity.
Envisioning Utilization of Super Grains for Healthcare
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra, Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
Beer may be produced from germinated amaranth (chichi in Peru) and ogi from its lactic fermentation [119]. Chia and amaranth flours produced after germination and extrusion provide high nutritional and nutraceutical value to beverages thus improving their functionality for utilization by patients of chronic degenerative diseases and obesity [13]. Gluten-free beverages, both fermented and nonfermented, can be also prepared with whole teff grains [201]. Beverages from malted quinoa exhibit high protein content and antioxidant activity, thus have antihypertensive and antidiabetic potential [92]. Health drink from barnyard, little, kodo, and finger millets is an economically viable value-added product to provide essential minerals to the human body [129].
Herbal Supplements and Health
Published in Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Surya Prakash Gautam, Herbal Product Development, 2020
Himangini Bansal, Sakshi Bajaj
Astragalus membranaceus (Latin), ogi (Japanese), hwanggi (Korean), huang qi (Chinese), and membranous milk-vetch root (English), is one in all the essential “Qi tonifying” adaptogenic herbs present in the Chinese materia medica. It has been prescribed for hundreds of years for general weakness, chronic diseases, and to extend overall vitality. The class Astragalus has more than 2000 species around the world and is often called as milk-vetch root. The main constituent of A. membranaceus includes polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, amino acids, and trace elements. Currently, much of the pharmacological research on Astragalus is focused on its immune-stimulating polysaccharides and other active ingredients useful in treating immune deficiency conditions (Alternative Medicine Review, 2003; Ma et al., 2002)
Epidemiology of United States Inpatient Open Globe Injuries from 2009-2015
Published in Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2021
Neha Siddiqui, Evan M Chen, Ravi Parikh, Vivian Paraskevi Douglas, Konstantinos AA Douglas, Paula W Feng, Grayson W Armstrong
This study undertakes a comprehensive review of inpatient OGI prevalence in the United States in a representative national inpatient sample. Our findings show that certain groups are more likely to be admitted for OGI: the prevalence of OGI admission is higher in young males, elderly females, minority populations, and populations with lower socioeconomic status as defined by insurance status and income. These are likely due to higher severity of injury or increased comorbidities of these populations. Open globe injuries remain a significant public health concern due to their potentially devastating long-term impact on morbidity and health care costs. Understanding the epidemiologic burden and risk factors for OGIs is necessary to better target future public health interventions. This study contributes to existing evidence demonstrating that future research should attempt to understand the underlying risk factors of OGIs in these populations.
Socioeconomic Status and Decreasing Incidence of Ocular Injuries in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2021
Jasmin Zvorničanin, Edita Zvorničanin
It has been previously reported that incidence of ocular injuries decline with older age.23,24 Almost two-thirds of ocular injuries in this study have been recorded in active working patients, similar to previous research from different populations.10,12,14,22,25 Although the mean age in both study periods stayed practically unchanged, there was a slight shift towards a larger number of older patients with ocular injuries. Studies analysing long-term temporal changes in ocular trauma requiring hospitalization showed two peaks in the age of injured patients, first in young and middle-aged adults and second peak in old age.9–11,26 Falls among elderly individuals are responsible for 82% of the increase in hospitalizations related to ocular injuries.11 Furthermore, as reported earlier, elderly patients have more OGI occurring at home and poorer final visual outcome, and could present a possible target population for future prevention programs.29
Traditional practices and childhood cryptosporidiosis in Nigeria: A review
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2018
Adekunle B. Ayinmode, Oluwasola O. Obebe
Most Nigerians wean their infant at about three to four months of age. Although some as early as the first two months of life by giving food like cereals made from maize (Zea mays), millet (Pennisetum americanum), or guinea corn (Sorghum spp) popularly referred to as pap, akamu, ogi, or koko in Yoruba land, and akamu in Hausa. Staple foods such as mashed, thinned, or pre-chewed form of yam (Dioscorea spp.), rice (Oryza sativa), gari (fermented cassava grits), and cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) are then gradually introduced. These traditional menus, that are consistently fed to infants are known to be high in carbohydrate and low protein and may not be adequate to support the development of a strong immune system without supplements. However, the effort to encourage the feeding of a balanced diet to children in some cultures in Nigeria is hampered by the myth that described feeding of protein-rich food like meat, fish and eggs as a taboo, because it is believed that children fed on such meal will later become thieves, witches or wizards.43–46