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Food intake: food groups and portion sizes
Published in Claire Tuck, Complementary Feeding, 2022
The portion size of foods may differ between infants, depending on their energy requirements, and hence information on the relative number of servings of foods from different food groups may be more useful than actual portion sizes. However, the portion size should also be relative since the intake of food from a given food group equates to both the number of servings and the portion size. A UK survey of 6- to 12-month-old infants found that even though infants were having a reasonable number of servings of meat and meat products, the serving size was low and largely accounted for a low iron intake.16The intake of food from a given food group equates to both the number of servings and the portion size.
Nutrition in the Older Child
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Sarah Lowry, Jenifer Thompson, Ann O’Shea Scheimann
Iron is a part of hemoglobin and necessary for oxygen transport by the red blood cells. Iron is found in meat products and iron-fortified foods such as cereals. Toddlers are at higher risk of iron deficiency, especially if they drink large amounts of milk (which interferes with iron absorption) and consume low volumes of meat and iron-fortified foods. Children following a vegetarian or vegan diet are also at risk of iron deficiency if iron-rich foods are not part of the daily diet. Iron deficiency is associated with a microcytic anemia and can result in pallor or fatigue.
Applications of Fenugreek in Nutritional and Functional Food Preparations
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Ujjwala Kandekar, Rohini Pujari, Prasad Thakurdesai
Microbes’ growth is a major concern during the preservation of meat products (Casaburi et al. 2015). Pastirma is a traditional dry-cured meat product produced from beef and pasted with cemen (a Turkish preparation with spices). The cemen paste containing fenugreek and red hot pepper paste demonstrated substantial bacteriostatic effects against pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica on 4 days of storage (Yetim et al. 2006).
Epidemiological Assessment of Oral Cancer Burden in Pakistan
Published in Cancer Investigation, 2021
Naila Malkani, Sara Kazmi, Muhammad Usman Rashid
Socioeconomic factors are also linked to the incidence of oral cancer. Poor socioeconomic and uneducated groups are more exposed to infectious agents. They also have lack awareness towards health education and taking precautionary measures (78–80). An estimated 50% reduction in oral cancer risk was noted among people who consumed an adequate daily amount of fresh fruits and vegetables (81). Studies showed that heavy intake of alcoholic beverages was associated with nutrient deficiency, and independently contribute to oral carcinogenesis (82). High risks are also associated with a high intake of meat and processed meat products (83). In Pakistan, 29.5% population lives below the poverty line (http://www.pbs.gov.pk/) and access to medical facilities is not available to a large proportion of the population. Therefore, many people rely on untrained professionals for the treatment of their medical problems which provide more harm than good.
Food and beverages promoting elderly health: six food-based dietary guidelines to plan good mixed meals for elderly South Africans
Published in South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021
Sanjoy Saha, Upasana Mukherjee, Makenzie Miller, Li-Ling Peng, Carin Napier, Heleen Grobbelaar, Wilna Oldewage-Theron
Much like the rest of the world, urbanisation in SA has been accompanied by an increase in consumption of food from animal sources. Nationwide, meat and fish are among the most commonly consumed food groups in terms of the percentage of people consuming food from each group at least once per day. Chicken, as mentioned previously, is one of the most popular meat products in the nation. Eggs are consumed less often.124 A study conducted to determine the food consumption changes in SA from 1994 to 2014 found that total meat consumption increased during that period, largely due to the significantly increased consumption of poultry and pork from 1994 to 2009. Egg consumption also increased by more than 50% during that period while beef, goat and mutton consumption remained relatively the same.105
Proteomic characterisation of drug metabolising enzymes and drug transporters in pig liver
Published in Xenobiotica, 2020
Yasmine Elmorsi, Hajar Al Feteisi, Zubida M. Al-Majdoub, Jill Barber, Amin Rostami-Hodjegan, Brahim Achour
In addition, the pig has a significant agricultural value, accounting for about 38% of consumed meat products. Therefore, drugs used to improve animal health and meat production (e.g. antibiotics), along with other xenobiotics and their metabolites, are easily transferred onto human metabolism through the food cycle (Chang et al., 2015). These xenobiotics are metabolised and eliminated by metabolic and disposition pathways, mediated by drug-metabolising enzymes and drug transporters. Recently, the domestic pig genome was successfully sequenced (Groenen et al., 2012), and studies have demonstrated extensive homology between human and pig cytochrome P450 (CYP) sequences ranging between 60% and 95% (Achour et al., 2011). Despite this level of interest in the pig, there is little information about other porcine metabolism and disposition pathways.