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Polymeric Colloidal Carriers for Natural Polyphenolic Compounds
Published in Madhu Gupta, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Vikas Sharma, Nagendra Singh Chauhan, Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Phytoconstituents, 2020
Maria Rosaria Lauro, Teresa Musumeci, Francesca Sansone, Giovanni Puglisi, Rosario Pignatello
Pereira Souza et al. (2017) analyzed the possibility of MD, pectin, and soy protein in different proportions (20% MD, F1; 15% MD/5% pectin, F2; 15% MD/5% soy protein isolate, F3; 10% MD/5% pectin and 5% soy protein isolate, F4) as encapsulation carriers and degradation protectors of ANCs-rich extract from freeze-dried jaboticaba pomace. After underexposure to UV for 90 days, 77% of ACNs and a reduction of 43% of the antioxidant activity was observed in the pure dried extract. Instead, the formulations were able to protect loaded ACNs. In particular, for F2 and F4, a degradation of 24% and 19% was observed, respectively. F1 (pure MD) showed the degradation approximately of 9%.
Anthocyanins and Their Health Benefits
Published in Robert E.C. Wildman, Richard S. Bruno, Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, 2019
Justin G. Martin, Gary D. Stoner, Jairam K.P. Vanamala
ACNs may have the ability to prevent and reduce obesity. Obesity was originally thought to be caused solely by the storing of excess energy due to energy imbalance. However, more recent studies indicate that chronic low-grade inflammation in the adipose tissue plays a crucial role in obesity. ACNs appear to be very effective in suppressing this inflammation. A study revealed that the mixture of ACNs found within red cabbage microgreen (the younger and smaller version of red cabbage), blueberry, black currant, mulberry, cherry, black elderberry, black soybean, chokeberry, and jaboticaba peel had greater potency than single ACNs.65–70 For example, mice fed a high-fat diet with red cabbage microgreen had decreased weight gain and lower low-density lipoprotein, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol levels than control mice given the high-fat diet. Plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines CRP and TNF-α were also reduced in these mice. When blueberries were added to the high-fat diets of these mice, there was a reduction in body weight and in blood levels of glucose, TNF-α, and IL-6 as well as an improved insulin resistance.71 Black currant, mulberry, cherry, black elderberry, black soybean, and jaboticaba peel all decreased weight gain and lowered the triacylglycerol and cholesterol levels in high-fat diet mice. Chokeberry extract was added to the drinking water of mice fed a high-fat diet, which decreased inflammation.71 Another study showed that Zucker fatty rats fed a diet containing 2% (wt/wt) blueberry powder had reduced intraperitoneal fat and elevated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma levels in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle than rats on control diet.52 Also, Zucker rats fed a diet containing 8% (wt/wt) blueberry powder for 8 weeks had increased blood adiponectin levels and reduced levels of inflammatory markers in white adipose tissue and improved dyslipidemia relative to those on control diet.52 Therefore, dietary ACNs can change the expression levels of adipocytokines. A study utilizing ACN-containing black chokeberry juice in male C57BL/6J mice found up to a 30% decrease in epidydimal fat.52 Further, there was a positive change in adiponectin levels. Thus, this study revealed that the black chokeberry juice aided in preventing weight gain. Rats fed black chokeberry fruit for 4 weeks had reduced visceral fat and hyperglycemia via inhibition of pancreatic lipase, thus reducing lipid absorption in the intestines.52 Goka, the fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus, when fed to mice produced results similar to those in mice fed either sweet orange or cornelian cherries: improved glucose and insulin tolerance/sensitivity, reduced insulin in blood plasma, and reduced hepatic lipid concentrations.52
Chemopreventive Properties of Extracts Obtained from Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and Jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg.) in Combination with Probiotics
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Augusto Tasch Holkem, Valérie Robichaud, Carmen Silvia Favaro-Trindade, Monique Lacroix
Studies have shown that consuming berries exhibit a wide range of positive biological health effects (18). Blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) are berries that grow in shrubs and come from North America. They have a high antioxidant capacity, a high concentration of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, among others) (19). The study of Correa-Betanzo et al. (20) investigated the effect of blueberry extract on the gastrointestinal system In Vitro and antiproliferative activity. Crude extracts were observed to inhibit HT-29 and CRL-1790 cells growth by 90% and 60%, respectively. As well as jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) Berg) is a native plant to Brazil, known for producing globular fruits with a purple peel and a sweet pulp (21). In particular, it is the peel that contains a large number of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins that have a high antioxidant capacity (22). Some flavonoid compounds extracted from jabuticaba exhibited antiproliferative effects against HT29 and HCT116 colon cell lines (23).
High-fat diet effects on the prostatic adenocarcinoma model and jaboticaba peel extract intake: protective response in metabolic disorders and liver histopathology
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2020
Ellen Nogueira-Lima, Celina de Almeida Lamas, Andressa Mara Baseggio, Jéssica Stephany Fernandes do Vale, Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior, Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
However, the final concentration of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (930 µg/mL) described in the extract used in this study was higher than that verified in aqueous jaboticaba peel extract reported by Ref. (36) and Ref. (40), showing concentration of 685.2 and 261.5 µg/mL, respectively. Finally, it is interesting to say that the use of ethanol–water mixtures is a useful method to intensify the extraction of phenolic compounds, as the ethanol improves the solubility of phenolic compounds and the water enhances the solute desorption (41). Our study showed that PJE promoted a lower weight gain which is in agreement with a previous study by Lamas et al. in aging mice. In addition, Baseggio and collaborators verified that jaboticaba peel extract administrated for 6 weeks, from 13 weeks of age, decreased body weight but not food intake in C57BL/6 mice (38). However, it should be taken into account that the administration period of the jaboticaba extract was carried out on older animals than those observed in the present study and the experimental model did not present PCa. Also, different studies showed that the 1%, 2% and 4% of the freeze-dried jaboticaba peel, added to the diet for 10 weeks, was not able to reduce weight gain and or food intake in the high-fat fed rats (11,12, 19). Thus, our findings suggest that PJE has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for prevention and treatment of overweight under PCa conditions.
Jaboticaba (Plinia peruviana) extract nanoemulsions: development, stability, and in vitro antioxidant activity
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Letícia Mazzarino, Heloísa da Silva Pitz, Ana Paula Lorenzen Voytena, Adriana Carla Dias Trevisan, Rosa Maria Ribeiro-Do-Valle, Marcelo Maraschin
Recent studies have shown considerable interest in the search of natural antioxidants derived from plants due to their promising antioxidant and radical scavenging properties [5–9]. Jaboticaba is a fruit of jaboticabeira tree (Myrciaria spp., Myrtaceae family) and highly appreciated in the culinary and food of the Brazilian population because of its medicinal properties. It is widely distributed in Brazil, but some species are also found in Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Central America, and South Florida. Pharmacological activities reported for jaboticaba include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hypoglycemic, and anti-proliferative effects [10]. The jaboticaba peel is considered a rich source of phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, gallic acid, ellagic acid, isoquercitrin, quercimeritrin, quercitrin, myricitrin, and quercetin, which are mainly responsible for the strong antioxidant properties of the fruit [11].