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Ethical practice and professional decision-making
Published in Michael Weir, Law and Ethics in Complementary Medicine, 2023
Beneficence is focused on the principle of helping people. The principle of beneficence may apply somewhat differently in relation to complementary medicine. For orthodox medicine, derived from Hippocratic tradition, the relief of suffering is a primary concern. This goal involves curing those who can be cured and caring for those who cannot.20 A medical doctor may consider a medical intervention for an asymptomatic person to be unnecessary and unethical. A medical doctor uses allopathic techniques or other interventions to counteract symptoms through the use of pharmaceutical substances or surgical procedures. For a complementary medicine practitioner, ‘curing’ may be defined in different terms. The complementary medicine concept of healing, through the promotion of harmony across a patient's physical, spiritual and emotional dimensions, is foreign to orthodox medicine. A complementary medicine practitioner practising under a wellness model may perceive orthodox medicine as overly symptomatic and narrow in its approach. For a complementary medicine practitioner, beneficence may not require the curing of any condition. Rather, the practitioner may see his or her role as being to promote harmony by encouraging the client's own restorative forces to establish wellness and vitality, not simply a lack of symptoms.21 What is unethical or over-servicing for a medical doctor may be at the heart of the service a complementary medicine practitioner seeks to provide.
Medical and Biological Applications of Low Energy Accelerators
Published in Vlado Valković, Low Energy Particle Accelerator-Based Technologies and Their Applications, 2022
PBT is being used increasingly to treat children with cancer. The chance of curing the cancer is no higher than with conventional radiotherapy but is likely to reduce the severity of the long-term side effects, although it will not eliminate them altogether.
Medical Ethics
Published in Howard Winet, Ethics for Bioengineering Scientists, 2021
The initiatives discussed at the start of this chapter dealt with diagnosis. The act of curing the patient is encompassed in treatment. Treatment for a disease is the most traditional function of a physician, after assisting with birth. The success of clinical science has allowed medicine to extend beyond life-saving to include treatments that improve the so-called “quality of life”. There are ethical challenges for all treatment modalities. There are also ethical challenges associated with the patient-physician relationship that relate to: patient autonomy, patient confidentiality and physician conflict of interest. A sampling is presented in Table 7.1, which is adapted from Newton (Newton 2004). The “life and death” issues have a strong bioengineering component because they all rely on some kind of technology. Accordingly, they and others such as human gene therapy, human genetic engineering, reproductive cloning, contraception and superhumans with prosthetic devices are suitable subjects for debates. Possible moral theory approaches in the debates are suggested in the table.
PDMS networks meet barnacles: a complex and often toxic relationship
Published in Biofouling, 2022
Daniel Rittschof, Beatriz Orihuela, Jan Genzer, Kirill Efimenko
Different network components alter enzyme activity associated with biological glue curing. Researchers have reported altered curing in the field. A viscous sublayer below barnacles on RTV11 was reported (Kavanagh et al. 2005). Using a high-speed camera, they captured barnacle removal behavior in shear on high-speed film and showed the interface between barnacles and the substrate was a viscous liquid. Berglin and Gatenholm reported barnacles that settled on silicone generated glue with a thick pliable glue plaque (Berglin and Gatenholm 2003). These reports are expected when one considers that barnacle glue is a complex proteinaceous mixture (Dickinson et al. 2009), and silicone surfaces and oils are known to alter protein structure (Dixit et al. 2013; Grzybowski et al. 2014; Probst 2020).
Improving intestinal absorption and antibacterial effect of florfenicol via nanocrystallisation technology
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2022
Yanling Liu, Yuqi Fang, Yuan Chen, Weibin Chen, Ziyu Cheng, Jun Yi, Xiaofang Li, Chongkai Gao, Fang Wu, Bohong Guo
Florfenicol (FF) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which belongs to the bisphenol class and has antibacterial potency similar to that of chloramphenicol. It has stronger antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and mycoplasma than thiamphenicol in vitro, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Cannon et al.1990, Marshall et al.1996), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella Typhimurium (Booker et al.1997), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pasteurella species (Kim and Aoki 1996), Actinobacillus species (Ueda et al.1995), and Mycoplasma mycoides (Ayling et al.2000). This type of antibiotics can inhibit the protein synthesis of bacteria through binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit (Schwarz et al.2004). They are commonly used to prevent and treat bacteria-caused respiratory or digestive infectious diseases in veterinary and aquaculture owing to their higher antibacterial activity and less toxicity (Yun et al.2020). However, FF is limited by very low water solubility and oral bioavailability (Xiao et al.2015). Therefore, clinical use for curing diseases often requires large doses, resulting in waste of raw materials and increased risk of drug resistance.
A Bayesian approach for the zero-inflated cure model: an application in a Brazilian invasive cervical cancer database
Published in Journal of Applied Statistics, 2022
Hayala Cristina Cavenague de Souza, Francisco Louzada, Pedro Luiz Ramos, Mauro Ribeiro de Oliveira Júnior, Gleici da Silva Castro Perdoná
We also present the 2). The estimated zero-inflation proportion equals 0.1138 for Group 1, showing that 11.38% of women died during or immediately after the treatment in this group. Moreover, the estimated cure proportion for Group 1 is equal to 0.0372, which reflects that if a patient has a disease recurrence before one year from the date of surgery, then the cure rate is meager. On the other hand, for patients that did not have disease recurrence or had disease recurrence after one year, the cure rate equals 0.4952, i.e. almost half of the patients did not die for cervical carcinoma. Therefore, it can be concluded that earlier remission has a high impact on the chance of curing patients.