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Apiaceae Plants Growing in the East
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Sherweit El-Ahmady, Nehal Ibrahim, Nermeen Farag, Sara Gabr
The most popular traditional use of coriander in the Middle-East is for the relief of gastrointestinal complaints such as anorexia, indigestion, flatulence, griping and abdominal spasm. This use was supported by the finding that coriander stimulates gastric acid secretion via the cholinergic pathway (Vasudevan et al. 2000). Interestingly, coriander fruit hydro-methanolic crude extract demonstrated the spasmogenic effect, followed by a spasmolytic effect at higher doses on rabbit jejunum (Jabeen et al. 2009). Fractionation of the crude extract revealed that the cholinergic spasmogenic activity of coriander was separated in its aqueous fraction, while the organic fractions showed a dose-dependent spasmolytic effect. This spasmolytic activity of coriander has been proved to be mediated through Ca2+ channel blockade (Jabeen et al. 2009). Flavonoids as quercetin, apigenin and naringenin and EO constituents as linalool are reported to exert an antispasmodic effect (Gharzouli and Holzer 2004, Kundu et al. 2014). This explains the coriander’s relaxing effect on hyperactive gut disorders such as abdominal colic and diarrhea.
Medicinal Plants in Natural Health Care as Phytopharmaceuticals
Published in Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Surya Prakash Gautam, Herbal Product Development, 2020
Coriander seed oil exhibits strong antibacterial against several microorganisms. The medicinal property of the coriander usually resides in their seeds, and they have been used as a remedy for indigestion, against worms, rheumatism, and pain in the joints. The seed is an aromatic stimulant, a carminative (remedial in flatulence), appetizer and a digestant stimulating the stomach and intestines. It is generally also beneficial to the nervous system. Volatile components in essential oil, from both seeds and leaves, have been reported to inhibit the growth of a range of microorganisms and inhibition of lipid peroxidation is also reported. In Asia, the herb is used against piles, headache and swellings; the fruit is used in colic, conjunctivitis, rheumatism and neuralgia; and the seeds are used as a paste for mouth ulceration and a poultice for other ulcers (Asgarpanah and Kazemivash, 2012).
An Overview of Important Endemic Plants and Their Products in Iran
Published in Raymond Cooper, Jeffrey John Deakin, Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
Coriandrum sativum (Figure 7.22) is an annual plant growing up to 0.5 m by 0.3 m. The flowers are hermaphrodite. The plant is self-fertile. It is suitable to grow in light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil. It is suitable to grow in the soil with acid, neutral, and basic (alkaline) pH and can grow in very alkaline soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil. Coriander is a commonly used domestic remedy, valued especially for its effect on the digestive system, treating flatulence, diarrhea, and colic. It settles spasms in the gut and counters the effects of nervous tension. The seed is aromatic, carminative, expectorant, narcotic, stimulant, and stomachic (Zargari, 2014; Mozaffarian, 2011; Plant for a Future; Al Snafi, 2016).
The predictive utility of the plant phylogeny in identifying sources of cardiovascular drugs
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Emily Guzman, Jeanmaire Molina
Experimental studies have repeatedly shown that members of the family Apiaceae work as diuretics. Diuretics increase urine output and lower blood pressure by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium at different parts of the renal tubular system (Klabunde 2012). Ammi visnaga has been used traditionally in Egypt to treat kidney stones (Vanachayangkul et al. 2010), and has been demonstrated to possess potent diuretic activity due to its bioactive component khellin (Khan et al. 2001; Günaydin and Beyazit 2004). The confamilial Angelica dahurica, an important medicinal plant in the Far East, has also been traditionally used as diuretic (Sarker and Nahar 2004). In celery, Apium graveolens, diuresis due to its constituent, n-butylphthalide, promoted its antihypertensive effect (Moghadam et al. 2013). The crude extract of coriander, Coriandrum sativum, similarly worked as a diuretic in an experiment in rats (Jabeen et al. 2009). In parsley, Petroselinum crispum, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and essential oil components are believed to be responsible for many of its pharmacological activities including its diuretic and antiplatelet activity (Farzaei et al. 2013). Though there were no experimental studies found to support Daucus carota’s (carrot) or Ligusticim wallichii’s use as a diuretic, it is predicted that based on this phylogenetic pattern for Apiaceae, that these species may also promote diuresis.
Targeting oxidative stress through antioxidants in diabetes mellitus
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2018
Parul Thakur, Ashwini Kumar, Awanish Kumar
Various reports on natural products and extracts claim to have beneficial antioxidant effects on experimental diabetic models. In a report published in 2012, researchers reported that extract from leaves and stem of Coriander sativum contained phenolics, flavonoids and tannins that exerted the beneficial effect on experimental diabetic rats. The extracts inhibited the lipid peroxidation and demonstrated a strong scavenging action on 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical [58]. In an extensive review by Dey and Lakshmanan, antioxidants and antioxidant-like compounds were shown to be significantly hepatoprotective in case of hyperglycaemia induced the liver damage. The compounds also displayed significant anti-hyperglycaemic effect. The compounds also inhibited and decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, fibrosis and collagen deposition in liver. These effects contributed to improved liver histology, decreased hepatomegaly, mitochondrial function restoration and reduction in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) in hepatocytes [59]. In an experiment on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, Prasath et al. found that the flavonoid Fisetin (3,3,4,7-tetrahydroxy flavone) which is an active ingredient in onion and strawberries, has significant protective effect in alleviating the hepatic damage due to STZ and hyperglycaemia induced oxidative stress. They also reviewed that Fisetin inhibits methylglyoxal dependant protein glycation [60]. These results inferred from pre-clinical trials with antioxidant supplementation still shows the need for a constructive and better insight to this perspective of antioxidant therapy for diabetics. Some inferences from the important diabetic model study have been summarised in Table 2.
Thyme essential oil loaded microspheres for fish fungal infection: microstructure, in vitro dynamic release and antifungal activity
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2021
Sergio Benavides, María Salomé Mariotti-Celis, Maria Jose Carolina Paredes, Javier A. Parada, Wendy V. Franco
TEO release from the MS was evaluated under simulated fish gastric and intestinal pH conditions (Figure 4). At fish gastric conditions (pH 2.9) the release rate of TEO from MS was less than 20% (14 at 18%) which correlates with the low swelling degree observed during acidic digestion (Figure 3). The RR% at intestinal conditions showed a substantial increase in the amount of liberated TEO (up to 55% (w/w) of the TEO content in the MS after 3 h). Similar results were observed by Dima et al. (2016) for coriander essential oil MS in which the RR% of EO was proportional to the degree of swelling of MS and medium pH conditions.