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Components of Nutrition
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
A second category, phytoestrogens, includes isoflavones, which appear to protect the body against heart disease, osteoporosis, and some cancers. Soybeans have the isoflavones genistein and daidzein, which may partly explain lower chronic-disease rates among East Asian than among Americans and Europeans. Another type of phytoestrogen, lignan, may offer comparable benefits and is numerous in flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum). A third class of phytochemicals, phytosterols, resembles cholesterol and appears to lower it in blood. Soybean oil contains phytosterols, another factor that may help explain East Asians’ health. Fourth, glucosinolates may reduce damage from carcinogens and toxins by speeding their excretion, though clinical trials have yet to confirm this effect. Research focuses on glucosinolates sinigrin and progoitrin in hopes of evaluating their promise. These compounds are abundant in crucifers (also known as cole crops): broccoli, cauliflower, turnip (Brassica rapa ssp. rapa), kale, Brussels sprouts, garden cress (Lepidium sativum), bok choy (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis), cabbage, and related plants. Fifth, the carotenoids include some 600 chemicals, notably vitamin A precursor beta carotene.87
Assessment of acetamiprid-induced genotoxic effects in bone marrow cells of Swiss albino male mice
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2019
Pesticides are the chemical formulation increasingly used in agriculture, animal husbandry, and public health operation to kill the insects, weeds, and fungus and to get rid of insect transmitted diseases. The frequent and continuous use of pesticides has resulted in their widespread distribution in the environment. These pesticides are toxic not only to insects and pests but at different levels to animals and human beings (Mondal et al. 2012). These agrochemicals, if not properly used, may pose serious hazards to human and animal health. Therefore, the present-day concern is with regard to their judicious and proper use, so that they can be applied safely with proper instructions and guidance to have minimum risk to human and animal health (Mondal et al. 2009). The neonicotinoids, a new class of insecticides developed in the last three decades, have outstanding potency and systemic action for crop protection against piercing-sucking pests (Mondal et al. 2009) and highly effective for flea control on cats and dogs (Tomizawa and Casida 2005). The neonicotinoids are related to nicotine in their structure and are potent selective agonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in both invertebrates and vertebrates (Bagri et al. 2015). Acetamiprid (ACE), a member of the neonicotinoid insecticide family, is widely used in floriculture, on leafy vegetables, cole crops, citrus, cotton, ornamentals and fruiting vegetables. The reports indicate presence of ACE in bee-collected materials, i.e. pollen, bee bread, honey and beeswax (Genersch et al. 2010). Widespread use of ACP is causing pesticide entry into the food chain, which in turn causes toxicity to man and animal. Several neonicotinoids are harmful to honeybees, either by direct contact or ingestion. This may lead to a reduction in pollination (Blacquiere and Smugghe 2012). Although ACE is considered safe for use in the vicinity of human and animals; reports of headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms after the inhalation of ACE as a pesticide have been published (Chen et al. 2007).