China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The gastrointestinal system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Sharon J. White, Francis A. Carey
It is important to know the blood supply of the intestines, because this determines the site and pattern of ischaemic damage, and is also followed by lymphatics, thereby determining the routes of spread of carcinoma. The superior mesenteric artery supplies the entire small intestine apart from the first half of the duodenum. This artery also supplies the right side of the colon and most of the transverse colon. In the small intestine, the terminal branches of the superior mesenteric artery are end-arteries, with few anastomoses between them. In the large bowel there is a degree of distal and proximal anastomosis between all of the supplying vessels. The inferior mesenteric artery supplies the distal transverse, the descending and the sigmoid colon, and the upper part of the rectum. The middle and inferior rectal arteries, branches of the internal iliac, and internal pudendal arteries supply the remainder of the rectum. The venous drainage of the bowel, apart from the anal canal, is via the portal system to the liver. This is the reason why primary gastrointestinal malignancies frequently spread to the liver, producing hepatic metastases.
Management of Acute Intestinal Ischaemia
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Michael J. Stamos, John V. Gahagan
The internal iliac (hypogastric) arteries supply blood to the middle and distal rectum through two paired arteries: the middle and inferior rectal (haemorrhoidal) arteries. These branches arise from the internal pudendal arteries, which are in turn branches of the internal iliac arteries.
Physiology of normal sexual function
Published in Jacques Corcos, David Ginsberg, Gilles Karsenty, Textbook of the Neurogenic Bladder, 2015
Pierre Clément, Hélène Gelez, François Giuliano
The vascular components of the penis are of particular importance in erectile function (Figure 4.4). The blood supply to the penis is primarily provided by the internal pudendal artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery. Alternatively, main blood supply to the erectile tissue can be provided by accessory internal pudendal arteries. After passing through the Alcock’s canal, the internal pudendal artery becomes the common penile artery that, at the level of the perineum, gives off the bulbourethral, cavernosum, and dorsal penile arteries. The bulbourethral artery supplies the urethra and the glans. The cavernosal arteries, which run in the corpora cavernosa, furnish the trabecular erectile tissue with blood. The dorsal penile artery proceeds down the penis on its dorsal aspect to supply superficial components of the penis. The venous drainage system of the penis occurs at three levels. Superficially, on the dorsal aspect of the penis, the superficial dorsal vein drains the skin into the external pudendal veins. The intermediate system consists of the deep dorsal and circumflex veins. The deep dorsal vein receives blood from emissary veins, which arise from subtunical venules draining trabeculae and passing through the tunica albuginea, and circumflex veins. In the infrapubic region, the deep dorsal vein drains into the pelvic preprostatic venous plexus or the internal pudendal veins. The deep drainage system includes the crural and cavernosal veins that drain the deeper cavernous tissue and empty into the internal pudendal veins.
A pilot retrospective CT angio study of the internal pudendal arteries in male bodies, for the purpose of penis transplantation to trans men
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Gennaro Selvaggi, Kristiina Manner, Augustinas Sakinis, Michael Olausson
The search of the subjects was performed in the radiographic medical journals from Västra Götaland region, and the search engine Centricity Radiology RA 600 v8.0 (GE Healthcare) was used. The inclusion criteria were slice thickness <1.3 mm, and at least one fully visible IPA. CT scans from 12 subjects were identified. Mean age of the subjects was 37.75 years (range: 19−50). The material was then imported to Syngo XWP VD11B (Siemens Healthcare GmbH), where all measurements were taken. Measurements were taken on both of the internal pudendal arteries, on all patients. Diameters of the vessels were measured manually using the ‘Measure’ tool, at three different anatomical references: 1. at the origin of the IPA at its origin as terminal branch of the internal iliac artery; 2. immediately distal to the take-off of its rectal branch (RB); and 3. just proximally to the bifurcation (Bif) into the bulbourethral artery and into the dorsal artery of the penis. Figure 1 is showing these segments.
Selective embolisation for intractable bladder haemorrhages: A systematic review of the literature
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2018
Diaa-Eldin Taha, Ahmed A. Shokeir, Omar A. Aboumarzouk
STE of the internal iliac artery is an alternative technique used to control severe haematuria, and has been successfully applied over many years to treat bladder haemorrhage associated with terminal pelvic malignancy [12,25]. This pelvic endovascular procedure is usually performed using local anaesthesia with a digital subtraction angiography unit. Retrograde percutaneous catheterisation of the femoral artery is performed, on one or two sides, using a 5- or 6-F sheath. Then, selective angiography of the internal iliac arteries is performed routinely using a 5-F Cobra or Simmons-type 2 catheter to delineate the pelvic arterial anatomy. Vesical and prostatic arteries can arise as discrete branches of the anterior division of the hypogastric artery, as previously mentioned, as well as branches from the pudendal arteries in men and from the uterine arteries in women.