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Embryology of veins and lymphatics
Published in Ken Myers, Paul Hannah, Marcus Cremonese, Lourens Bester, Phil Bekhor, Attilio Cavezzi, Marianne de Maeseneer, Greg Goodman, David Jenkins, Herman Lee, Adrian Lim, David Mitchell, Nick Morrison, Andrew Nicolaides, Hugo Partsch, Tony Penington, Neil Piller, Stefania Roberts, Greg Seeley, Paul Thibault, Steve Yelland, Manual of Venous and Lymphatic Diseases, 2017
Ken Myers, Paul Hannah, Marcus Cremonese, Lourens Bester, Phil Bekhor, Attilio Cavezzi, Marianne de Maeseneer, Greg Goodman, David Jenkins, Herman Lee, Adrian Lim, David Mitchell, Nick Morrison, Andrew Nicolaides, Hugo Partsch, Tony Penington, Neil Piller, Stefania Roberts, Greg Seeley, Paul Thibault, Steve Yelland
Veins on the left side partly disappear while veins on the right side persist as the major veins. Posterior cardinal veins are gradually replaced by three sets of veins:Subcardinal veins drain the kidneys and gonads.Supracardinal veins drain the body wall.Sacrocardinal veins drain the lower extremities.
Development and anatomy of the venous system
Published in Peter Gloviczki, Michael C. Dalsing, Bo Eklöf, Fedor Lurie, Thomas W. Wakefield, Monika L. Gloviczki, Handbook of Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 2017
Blood is initially returned to the heart tube via the paired sinus venosus.11 The portion of the body that is cranial to the developing heart drains through the bilateral anterior cardinal veins, and the caudal portion of the body drains forward through the bilateral posterior cardinal veins (Figure 2.1). The anterior and posterior cardinal veins join to form the common cardinal veins, with the right and left common cardinal veins draining centrally into the sinus venosus. The common cardinal veins also receive the vitelline and umbilical veins; the vitelline veins later form into the hepatic portal system.
Freedom in the chest
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
Sébastien Piron, Julien Tridetti, Stella Marchetta, Patrizio Lancellotti
The pathology results from early atrophy of common cardinal vein (Cuvier's canal) between 3-4rd and 6th embryonic week [2], where anterior and posterior cardinal veins join from both side, and which are subject to major changes during development of the circulatory system. This atrophy would alter vascularisation of pleuro-pericardial membrane, explaining its developmental arrest in the partial form up to agenesis in the total form.
Double superior vena cava: presentation of two cases and review of the literature
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2019
Christos Farazi-Chongouki, Ioannis Dalianoudis, Anestis Ninos, Pantelis Diamantopoulos, Dimitrios Filippou, Stefanos Pierrakakis, Panagiotis Skandalakis
The cardinal veins include the anterior cardinal vein (draining the cephalic portion of the body) and the posterior cardinal vein (draining the remainder of the body of the embryo). The anterior and posterior cardinal veins on each side join to form the common cardinal vein before entering the sinus venosus (Figure 7).