China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Head and Neck
Published in Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno, Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology, 2018
Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno
The oral region comprises the oral cavity (including the oral cavity proper between the alveolar arches and the teeth, and the oral vestibule bounded by the lips and cheeks and the teeth and gums), the palate, and the portion of the oropharynx that includes the palatine tonsils. The oral vestibule and the oral cavity proper communicate posterior to the 3rd molar tooth (or “wisdom” tooth); note that the opening of the parotid duct is located lateral to the 2nd maxillary molar tooth. The oral cavity lies between the teeth and gums (lateral/anterior border), the hard palate (superior border), mucosa of the tongue and sublingual area (inferior border), and palatoglossal folds (posterior border). The sublingual area includes the frenulum of the tongue (sublingual frenulum), which is medial to the deep lingual veins and parallel to the frenulum of the upper lip and to the frenulum of the lower lip.
Anatomy and Embryology of the Mouth and Dentition
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
There are two sets of veins draining the tongue. The deep lingual vein begins near the apex of the tongue and runs back on its ventral surface (see Figure 41.3). It joins a sublingual vein from the sublingual salivary gland, to form the vena comitans nervi hypoglossi. This then passes backwards with the hypoglossal nerve and joins the lingual, facial or internal jugular vein. Dorsal lingual veins drain the dorsum and sides of the tongue and join the lingual veins accompanying the lingual artery. They drain into the internal jugular in the region of the hyoid bone.
Submandibular, sublingual and minor salivary gland surgery
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
At this stage in the operation, the anterior pole of the superficial lobe of the gland can be retracted posteriorly to reveal the groove between the superficial and deep lobes of the submandibular gland. The posterior border of the mylohyoid lies within this groove. It is gently freed with scissors and then retracted forward with a Langenbeck retractor. The deep lobe of the gland can now be mobilized either with a finger or by opening the blades of the scissors applied to the surface of the gland. On the deep aspect of the deep lobe, one or two small veins may be encountered running from the gland through the underlying hyoglossus muscle into the lingual veins. If these veins are not tied off or adequately diathermized, troublesome bleeding may be encountered.
Use of a biopsy punch for end-to-side anastomosis in free-tissue transfer
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
Jae-Ho Chung, Sung-Min Sohn, Hi-Jin You, Eul-Sik Yoon, Byung-Il Lee, Seung-Ha Park, Deok-Woo Kim
In free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction, a number of studies reported the versatility of the ETSA technique in vein anastomosis. In the head and neck region, the external jugular vein, the anterior cervical vein, and the sizable concomitant veins of arteries, such as the facial and lingual veins, are commonly used as the recipient vein. However, the lack of appropriately sized and located veins has frequently caused problems in flap surgery [7]. In these circumstances, ETSA to the internal jugular vein can solve the problems. Yamamoto et al suggest that the internal jugular vein has the broad capacity to be the recipient of two or more ETSAs, so it can be effectively used for free flap procedures in which two or more drainage veins can be included [8]. In addition, a study by Acland suggested that the voluminous blood flow in the internal jugular vein can wash away small thrombi at the anastomotic site and can decrease the incidence of thrombus formation [9]. At our institution, ETSA to the internal jugular vein is the primary option for most cases of head and neck reconstruction.
Major vessel invasion by thyroid cancer: a comprehensive review
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2019
Michael S. Xu, Jennifer Li, Sam M. Wiseman
Invasion of the regional venous system by thyroid cancer is the most common and best described type of MVI that has been reported in the literature. The specific presentation of a tumor thrombus within the IJV, or another neck vein, depends upon the specific site and degree of vessel lumen obstruction. The pattern of vascular cancer extension generally occurs in continuity with the neck venous anatomy, and the commonest sites for invasion are: the IJV and the brachiocephalic vein (BCV) proximally, followed by the SVC and the right atrium more distally (Table 2). Other less commonly reported sites of venous invasion by thyroid cancer include the: azygous vein [50,62,63], axillary vein [64], and facial/lingual veins [65].
Chemical compositions of Commiphora opobalsamum stem bark to alleviate liver complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: Role of oxidative stress and DNA damage
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Mai M. Farid, Asmaa F. Aboul Naser, Maha M. Salem, Yomna R. Ahmed, Mahmoud Emam, Manal A. Hamed
Blood collected from each animal by puncture the sub-lingual vein in a clean and dry test tube, left 10 minutes to clot and centrifuged at 300 g for serum separation. The separated serum was stored at −80 °C for further determinations of diabetic index, liver function enzymes, lipid profile and inflammatory mediators’ tests.