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Management of pelvic congestion syndrome and perineal varicosities
Published in Peter Gloviczki, Michael C. Dalsing, Bo Eklöf, Fedor Lurie, Thomas W. Wakefield, Monika L. Gloviczki, Handbook of Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 2017
The remainder of the pelvic structures and the upper portion of the leg drain through branches of the internal iliac vein, forming another significant anastomotic network that connects with the reproductive complex. The superior and inferior gluteal veins collect blood not only from the three gluteal muscles, but also from the superior posterior thigh. The small veins that drain the superior portion of the biceps femoris of the posterior thigh may flow either into the lateral circumflex femoral vein, a tributary of the deep femoral vein, or into the gluteal veins that flow into the internal iliac vein. These pathways link the posterolateral thigh with the pelvis and may become a reflux pathway causing recurrent varicose veins.
Prevention of Fat Embolism in Fat Injection for Gluteal Augmentation, Anatomic Study in Fresh Cadavers
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Guillermo Ramos-Gallardo, David Orozco-Rentería, Pablo Medina-Zamora, Eduardo Mota-Fonseca, Leonel García-Benavides, Jesus Cuenca-Pardo, Livia Contreras-Bulnes, Ana Rosa Ambriz-Plasencia, Jesus Aaron Curiel-Beltran
Variables The number and size of perforators in every quadrant in the subcutaneous tissueThickness of the muscleThe area of entrance of the superior and inferior gluteal artery and veinThe caliber of the superior and inferior gluteal veins once the muscle was approachedThe location of the fat with colorant once injected, using two different angles, 30° and 45°Fat injection at a 30° angleFat injection at a 45° angle
Is the endovascular embolization of tributaries of the internal iliac veins essential in the treatment of isolated pelvic-perineal reflux?
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2019
Sergei G. Gavrilov, I. S. Lebedev
The dilation of and blood reflux through the tributaries of the internal iliac veins can be associated with the development of varicose veins of the perineum, vulva, gluteal region, posterior, and medial sides of the thigh1,10. Some authors use this as a rationale to perform endovascular embolization of the internal pudendal, obturator, and inferior gluteal veins, and to argue that this technique is essential for the adequate elimination of PPR and varicose veins of the perineum1,7. In a study of Lasry et al.7, such an intervention was associated with elimination of vulvar varicose in 31%, reduction of its severity in 59%, and no clinical effect in 10% of patients.
An overlooked nerve in neuropathies associated with intragluteal injections: the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Moreover, in the current study, the BMI was found to be lower in patients with PFCN lesions. In addition, as considered in piriformis syndrome, vasotoxicity, and perivascular edema due to injection in the inferior gluteal vein located in the near proximity of both nerves in the piriformis muscle inferior can contribute to the process of neuritis in both nerves [18]. The late onset of neurological deficits and presence of axonal damage in the current study patients with PFCN lesions suggest that there could be chemical and vascular neuritis rather than direct nerve injury.