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Acquired Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Cricotracheal resection: For grade IV stenosis, the anterior cricoid ring and proximal trachea are resected, and then thyrotracheal anastomosis is performed. This procedure removes disease, restores lumen diameter, and anastomoses healthy mucosa. Complications include anastomotic breakdown, vocal cord palsy, and loss of vocal range.
Evaluation of the Voice
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Pathological voice can be defined pragmatically as one that does not fulfil the criteria above. Variations in voice quality can provide valuable cues about our current emotions, physical health and psychological well-being. Patients generally seek a consultation about their voice complaint because it causes one or more of the following problems:8impairment, i.e. an alteration in the structure or function of the vocal apparatus (structural abnormality, inflammation, neuromuscular abnormality or muscle tension imbalance) causing symptoms such as hoarseness, a weak voice, pitch change, throat discomfortlimitation in activity, such as a reduction in vocal range in singing or the voice tiring or becoming hoarse with prolonged use in a noisy environment or if raisedparticipation restriction, e.g. not being able to work or sing in a choir as a result of the voice problem. The consequences of voice problems can therefore be one or more of the following: physical, functional, psychosocial, occupational and financial.
Feminisation of the larynx and voice
Published in James Barrett, Transsexual and Other Disorders of Gender Identity, 2017
This operation is carried out through a small skin incision over the larynx. Permanent mattress sutures are placed between the thyroid and cricoid cartilages (seeFigure 13.5). This has the effect of increasing the tension in the vocal cords much like the action of the cricothyroid muscle. A review of this procedure showed that 80% of patients were satisfied with the results and objectively 71% had gains in fo in free speech, reading and singing, maintained at 41 months’ follow-up.3 There was, however, a narrowing of the vocal range following surgery.
Vocal tract discomfort and voice handicap index in patients undergoing thyroidectomy
Published in Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 2022
Masoumeh Saeedi, Meysam Yadegari, Samira Aghadoost, Maryam Naderi
Voice history. The participants were asked to complete the voice history questionnaire in order to assess their voice problem history and vocal abuse and misuse behaviors. They completed the questionnaire based on two options: yes or no. The complaints of the voice problem history section included hoarseness, vocal fatigue, phonation breaks, reduced vocal range, pitch breaks, inappropriate pitch, breathy voice, tremor, strain/struggle voice, and psychologic aphonia or dysphonia. Moreover, the vocal abuse and misuse behaviors included excessive shouting and loud talking, talking in noisy environments, throat clearing or excessive coughing, talking loudly during respiratory infections, athletics involving yelling, extended talking, singing or talking with strain/struggle, and inappropriate pitch.
Examining the voice of Israeli transgender women: Acoustic measures, voice femininity and voice-related quality-of-life
Published in International Journal of Transgender Health, 2021
In light of the theoretical debate on the appropriate metric for quantifying vocal-range (e.g., Graddol, 1986; Henton, 1989), both the linear (Hz.) scale and the perceptual semitone (ST) scale were used here. Our results demonstrated that, using the Hz scale, speakers’ vocal-range was correlated with both listeners’ and speakers’ perception of voice-femininity. However, transformation to the ST scale has eliminated these findings, yielding no significant correlations. That is, speakers who used a wider range of F0 values were perceived as having a more feminine voice. But when data were examined in semitones, no association was found between vocal-range and voice-gender. This seeming paradox can be resolved in light of the significant correlations between the nominal values of minimum- and maximum-F0 and the voice-femininity judgments. As shown, speakers with higher values of both minimum- and maximum-F0 were perceived as having a more feminine voice. Therefore, due to the logarithmic nature of the ST scale, a speaker with elevated F0 is more likely to exhibit a wider vocal-range, when calculated in Hz.
Gender-specific reference ranges of the vocal extent measure in young and healthy adults
Published in Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 2020
Marie-Louise Freymann, Philipp Mathmann, Julius Rummich, Constanze Müller, Konrad Neumann, Tadeus Nawka, Philipp P. Caffier
In order to provide objective information of the speaking and singing voice, every participant obtained a VRP and an acoustic analysis in a sound-insulated voice lab with a background noise <40dB(A). First, the singing voice (sound/a:/) was recorded over the whole vocal pitch range, beginning as softly and continuing as loud as possible. For both settings, participants began at their middle pitch, went down to the lower limit of their vocal range, and thereafter up to the high-level peak pitches. This was followed by recording the speaking voice. Here, participants had to count from 21 to 25 in different intensity levels (no further instructions regarding pitch level given). Subjects started with the lowest volume possible, and then increased the volume in three steps up to the loudest speaking volume. All voice samples were recorded using the digital video administrating, evaluating and archiving software DiVAS (XION Medical, Berlin, Germany). The participants were instructed by a medical technical assistant (co-author J.R.) or by a trained medical student (first author M-L.F.) at the same place under practically identical conditions. The following parameters were measured: maximum phonation time (MPT), jitter (in percentage), highest tone (F0high), lowest tone (F0low), highest intensity (Ihigh), lowest intensity (Ilow), frequency (Fmax) and dynamic range (Imax), as well as the DSI. The Gonnermann-classification was used for DSI interpretation, defining healthy voices by a value of at least 4.2 [15]. The calculation of the VEM, AVRP and PVRP was conducted automatically after VRP recording by the AVA program [2].