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Central Neuronal Pathways Involved in Psychotic Syndromes
Published in Fuad Lechin, Bertha van der Dijs, Neurochemistry and Clinical Disorders: Circuitry of Some Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Syndromes, 2020
Fuad Lechin, Bertha van der Dijs, Jose Amat, Marcel Lechin
The diverse anatomical projections of DR and MR to septal area may explain why septal-lesion induced muricide depends on destruction of DR or MR projections. In effect, numerous experimental studies in this matter suggest the existence of two complex and opposing circuits passing through distinct septal regions. DR, MR, amygdala, OT, and lateral hypothalamus are proven to be among structures related to the two circuits dealing with muricidal behavior.50,83,110,111,116,124,125,143-145,159
Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles restore lung architecture and improve exercise capacity in a model of neonatal hyperoxia-induced lung injury
Published in Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, 2020
Gareth R. Willis, Angeles Fernandez-Gonzalez, Monica Reis, Vincent Yeung, Xianlan Liu, Maria Ericsson, Nick A. Andrews, S. Alex Mitsialis, Stella Kourembanas
Following lung fixation with PFA (4% w/v), lung sections were analysed for histology. Lung sections were stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Masson’s Trichrome (collagen deposition). Randomly selected areas (10–20 fields) from 5 μm thick lung sections were captured at 100× (H&E) and 200× (Masson’s Trichrome) magnification using a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Calibrations for the images were done by acquiring standard micrometre images using the same magnification. Large airways and vessels were avoided for the lung morphometry. To measure mean linear intercept (MLI), a grid with parallel lines spaced at 58 μm was then overlaid onto the image, and the length of each chord, defined by the intercept with alveolar walls. The volume density (tissue density) of alveolar wall tissue was determined by a point-counting method using a computer-generated 30 × 30 grid superimposed to each image. The thickness of the alveolar septum was calculated by measuring the fibre breadth (area/length). The degree of collagen deposition was measured and expressed as percentage of collagen deposition per total septal area. All parameters were recorded using Metamorph software v.6.2 r (Universal Imaging, Downingtown, PA).
Treatment of brief episodes of highly symptomatic supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias: a methodological review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Rita B. Gagyi, Mark Hoogendijk, Sing-Chien Yap, Tamas Szili-Torok
A major limitation of the CardioInsight is represented by the lack of a 3D-mapping navigation system, which causes an imperfect agreement between driver areas and ablation sites [8]. Although image integration with the CARTO system is possible, it is not performed in all cases. Another possible limitation of the system is its inability to provide mapping of the septal area, therefore it is not feasible in localizing septal-source ATs and VTs [26]. The CT imaging and body surface mapping is coupled with the CardioInsight technology; therefore, it has to be acquired on the same day as the CA procedure. For an accurate result, the mapping period must not exceed 2–3 hours prior to CA procedure.
Predictors of adverse outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve replacement
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2019
Pavel Overtchouk, Nicolo Piazza, Juan F. Granada, Thomas Modine
Perhaps more interestingly is the recent proposed approach of pre-emptive septal alcohol ablation in patients whose risk of LVOT obstruction has been estimated to be high (valve in MAC, small simulated neo-LVOT) and in whom septal alcohol ablation is expected to reduce the risk of LVOT obstruction (septal hypertrophic wall with available septal artery directed at the targeted septal area). Wang et al. reported a median increase of 111.2 mm2 (interquartile range 71.4–193.1 mm2) in neo-LVOT surface area post-alcohol septal ablation. However, this strategy comes with the specific risks of septal alcohol ablation and additional procedural morbidity, including the need for permanent pacemaker implantation [34]. Similarly, a recent cohort of 30 patients at prohibitive risk of LVOT obstruction during VIV, VIR or VIMAC procedures were treated with preventive LAMPOON technique. The prohibitive risk was based on MSCT-estimated neo-LVOT area<200 mm2 or skirt neo-LVOT <150 mm2, or long redundant anterior mitral leaflet. Patients were treated with a preventive LAMPOON transversal and midline laceration before being followed by the delivery of a transseptal TAVI-type Sapien 3 THV with a reported 93% 30-day survival. However, 8 out of 30 patients required complementary intervention with 4 being alcohol septal ablation to reduce LVOT gradient (failure of LAMPOON), 2 second valve implantations, 1 conversion to open surgery, 1 percutaneous closure of severe paravalvular leak. Hence, the primary success rate was 73% of patients [35]. Based on reported data the preventive alcohol septal ablation seems to be a better option since LAMPOON imposes immediate TMVR because of the torrential MR that it generates, while alcohol septal ablation can be performed as a separate procedure giving time to re-evaluate the patient. In the study by Wang et al. several patients actually improved enough to avoid TMVR as a result of the alcohol septal ablation procedure [34].