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Neuroanatomy
Published in Helen Butler, Neel Sharma, Tiago Villanueva, Student Success in Anatomy - SBAs and EMQs, 2022
38 Which foramen, located directly beneath the posterior clinoid process, allows the passage of the internal carotid artery? Foramen rotundumForamen ovaleForamen spinosumForamen lacerumJugular foramen
Anatomy for neurotrauma
Published in Hemanshu Prabhakar, Charu Mahajan, Indu Kapoor, Essentials of Anesthesia for Neurotrauma, 2018
Vasudha Singhal, Sarabpreet Singh
The tentorium cerebelli separates the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum. It is attached anteriorly to the posterior clinoid process of sphenoid, laterally to the petrous temporal bone, and posteriorly to the transverse sulci of the occipital bone. The falx cerebri attaches to the tentorium in the midline, pulling it upwards, giving it a tent-like appearance. The tentorium cerebelli divides the cranial cavity into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments. The free concave anteromedial border forms a U-shaped gap called the tentorial notch, filled by the midbrain and the anterior part of the superior aspect of the cerebellar vermis.
Write short notes on the third cranial nerve
Published in Nathaniel Knox Cartwright, Petros Carvounis, Short Answer Questions for the MRCOphth Part 1, 2018
Nathaniel Knox Cartwright, Petros Carvounis
On the lateral side of the posterior clinoid process the nerve perforates the dura to lie in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus above the fourth cranial nerve: – the oculomotor nerve next runs forwards and receives a sensory branch from the ophthalmic division of the fifth cranial nerve and a sympathetic contribution from the internal carotid plexus– within the cavernous sinus the oculomotor nerve is crossed from its lateral side by the fourth cranial nerve. More distally it is crossed by the ophthalmic division of the fifth cranial nerve.
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Rathke’s Cleft Cyst and Its Association to Radiological Characteristics
Published in Current Eye Research, 2021
Hyeshin Jeon, Hie Bum Suh, Woohyun Chung, Hee-young Choi
The radiological characteristics of RCC observed by MRI were analyzed by a neuro-radiology specialist. The height, size, and location of RCC, as well as the optic chiasm displacement, were measured. The height of the mass was defined as the length from the lowest part to the top of the mass, measured on coronal magnetic resonance images. Three maximal diameters (a, b, and c) in three orthogonal planes were measured, and the mass size was calculated using the following formula: 0.52 (a × b × c). The location of RCC was classified as sellar, suprasellar, and sellar + suprasellar. The maximum distance between the reference lines and the lower surface of the optic chiasm was measured on both sagittal and coronal images. The reference line was set between the frontal base and the posterior clinoid process on sagittal images, and between the upper surface of the bilateral internal carotid artery on coronal images (Figure 1).
CSF rhinorrhoea after endonasal intervention to the anterior skull base (CRANIAL): proposal for a prospective multicentre observational cohort study
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2021
Danyal Z. Khan, Soham Bandyopadhyay, Vikesh Patel, Benjamin E. Schroeder, Ivan Cabrilo, David Choi, Simon A. Cudlip, Neil Donnelly, Neil L. Dorward, Daniel M. Fountain, Joan Grieve, Jane Halliday, Angelos G. Kolias, Richard J. Mannion, Alice O’Donnell, Nick Phillips, Rory J. Piper, Bhavna Ramachandran, Thomas Santarius, Parag Sayal, Rishi Sharma, Georgios Solomou, James R. Tysome, Hani J. Marcus, Andrew F Alalade, Shahzada Ahmed, Sinan Al-Barazi, Rafid Al-Mahfoudh, Anuj Bahl, David Bennett, Raj Bhalla, Pragnesh Bhatt, Graham Dow, Anastasios Giamouriadis, Catherine Gilkes, Kanna Gnanalingham, Brendan Hanna, Caroline Hayhurst, Jonathan Hempenstall, Kismet Hossain-Ibrahim, Mark Hughes, Mohsen Javadpour, Alistair Jenkins, Mahmoud Kamel, Mohammad Habibullah Khan, Peter Lacy, Eleni Maratos, Andrew Martin, Nijaguna Mathad, Nigel Mendoza, Showkat Mirza, Sam Muquit, Ramesh Nair, Claire Nicholson, Alex Paluzzi, Dimitris Paraskevopoulos, Omar Pathmanaban, Jonathan Pollock, Bhaskar Ram, Iain Robertson, Peter Ross, Simon Shaw, Alireza Shoakazemi, Saurabh Sinha, Simon Stapleton, Patrick Statham, Benjamin Stew, Nick Thomas, Georgios Tsermoulas, Philip Weir, Adam Williams
The endonasal transsphenoidal approach (TSA) has emerged as the preferred approach in order to resect pituitary adenoma and related sellar pathologies owing to its superior effectiveness and safety profile when compared to transcranial approaches.1,2 This approach is defined by its purpose of accessing the sella turcica through the sphenoid bone. Whilst traditionally performed microscopically, recent technological advances have allowed the TSA to be performed with success endoscopically.1,3 Furthermore, building on these endoscopic techniques, the development of the expanded endonasal approach (EEA) has further improved access to the anterior skull base.4 This approach refers to accessing an area beyond the sella alone, bounded by the frontal sinus, cribriform plate, medial orbital wall, cavernous sinus, posterior clinoid processes, and clivus.5 The EEA is used for the surgical management of many pathologies including large pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, meningiomas, Rathke’s pouch cysts, clival chordomas and chondrosarcomas.5
Microsurgical techniques for achieving gross total resection of ependymomas of the fourth ventricle
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Anatomic triangles conveniently conceptually organize the neuroanatomical relationships of the cranial nerves, intracranial vessels, dural reflections, and bony of the cavernous sinus and surrounding zones (e.g., clinoidal and oculomotor triangles; supratrochlear and infratrochlear [Parkinson’s] triangles, anteromedial and anterolateral middle fossa triangles; posteromedial middle fossa [Kawase’s] and posterolateral middle fossa [Glasscock’s] triangles; and inferomedial and inferolateral paraclival triangles) and intermuscular zones of the upper and lower extremities, back, and pelvis transmitting and forming the anatomic borders of critical neurovascular bundles. Conversely, the contoured dural surface of the tentorium pierced by the oculomotor and trochlear nerves and formed between its dural folds (i.e., anterior petroclinoid, posterior petroclinoid, and interclinoid folds) and attachments to the anterior clinoid process, posterior clinoid process, and petrous apex of the petrous temporal bone and is a true anatomic trigone, accordingly and appropriately termed the oculomotor trigone. Similarly, the posterior internal surface of the bladder interposed between the inflow ureters and urethral outlet represents a true anatomic trilateral contour, accordingly and appropriately termed the bladder trigone.