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Inguinal hernia, hydrocele, and other hernias of the abdominal wall
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
Sophia Abdulhai, Todd A. Ponsky
A femoral hernia is a protrusion of preperitoneal fat or viscus through a defect in the femoral canal. It is not a common hernia in children but must be considered with a swelling in the inguinal region with the bulge inferior to the inguinal ligament. Femoral hernia may occasionally be confused with an enlarged swollen infected lymph node near the saphenofemoral junction (lymph node of Cloquet) just inferior to the inguinal ligament. Careful examination for a lower extremity focus of infection should be performed. Unfortunately, femoral hernias are often misdiagnosed and treated as inguinal hernias and therefore present following “recurrence.”
Abdominal surgery
Published in Roy Palmer, Diana Wetherill, Medicine for Lawyers, 2020
In addition to understanding the structures within the abdominal cavity, an understanding of the abdominal wall is essential. One of the most common surgical procedures carried out is the repair of hernias. Hernias represent an abnormal protrusion, usually through the abdominal wall. The most common site for a hernia is the inguinal region (groin). Other sites include the femoral region, hernias protruding through the femoral canal (the canal that allows nerves, arteries, and veins to pass from the back of the abdominal cavity into the leg), umbilical hernias and incisional hernias.
Unexplained Fever In Hematologic Disorders Section 1. Benign Hematologic Disorders
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Idiopathic infarction of lymph nodes is an uncommon condition which may cause difficulties in the diagnosis of an unexplained fever. Several cases have been published in the English medical literature.10,12 Most infarcted lymph nodes are located superficially, most commonly in the axillary or inguinal regions. The main symptoms are a localized painful mass associated with fever and without an obvious cause. Watts et al. published a case report with infarction of intra-abdominal lymph nodes.13 The patient was a 56-year-old man, hospitalized for nocturnal fever of 2 weeks duration, accompanied by chills, diaphoresis malaise, anorexia, and slight weight loss. The patient had a single episode of abdominal pain that might have coincided with the onset of infarction 1 week before admission. Extensive clinical, laboratory, and radiologic studies could not define his illness and an exploratory laparotomy was performed. Several enlarged, firm, matted lymph nodes measuring 5 × 4 cm in greatest dimensions were found wrapped around the common duct. The histologic examination showed ischemic necrosis of the central portions of the involved lymph nodes.
Efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with sirolimus for treating Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon in infants, a retrospective study
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Chuan-gao Yin, Wei-Wei Qi, Song Wang, Deng Pan, Xiao-Li Chen, Shi-Yu Li
Considering that most feeding arteries in KMP are numerous and slender, and there exist arteriovenous fistulas in the lesions in some cases [29], the interventional therapy of KMP should be appropriate, and to prevent complications, perfection should not be pursued. In the meantime, interventional therapy is not applicable to all children with KMP [9]. In this study, the improvement in cases may be related to the fact that the lesions were located in the right inguinal region; their blood was supplied by the branch of the bilateral internal iliac artery, and it was difficult to access the left internal iliac artery, so it was not treated. Most children with KMP have a complicated blood supply and slender feeding arteries, even if they have rich blood supply lesions. Thus, it tests operators’ patience.
Is complete mesocolic excision or total mesorectal excision necessary during cytoreductive surgery in ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis with colonic involvement?
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2023
Kursat Karadayi, Ufuk Karabacak
Colon lymph nodes are divided into four groups [34]. Epicolic lymph nodes are associated with the serosal surface of the colon; paracolic lymph nodes run along the medial of the colon; and intermediate lymph nodes continue along with the ileocolic, right colic, middle colic, left colic, sigmoid, and superior rectal arteries. Later, the lymphatic flow drains into the para-aortic area through the principal lymph nodes, following the inferior and superior mesenteric arteries. Three ways have been detected for the lymphatic spread of ovarian cancer [35]. The first and most common route is para-aortic spread through the lymphatics and then by way of the ovarian vascular structures. The second path uses the para-aortic lymph nodes and then the internal and external iliac lymph nodes through the broad ligaments toward the lateral and posterior pelvic wall. The third, and rarest, is along the round ligament to the external iliac and inguinal region.
Coverage probability planning for simultaneously integrated boosts of inguinal lymph nodes in vulvar cancer
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2022
Sandy Mohamed, Marianne S. Assenholt, Lars Fokdal, Jesper Kallehauge, Jacob Chr. Lindegaard, Kari Tanderup
Rigid registration was performed between CBCTs and the planning CT, thus all the CBCT delineations of GTV-Ns were propagated to the planning CT. For every GTV-N (from planning CT and from CBCTs) D98%, D50%, and D2% were extracted for each fraction and for each of the three plans on the planning CT. Dose accumulation for GTV-Ns (D98%, D50%, and D2%) was carried out as crude addition of DVH parameters from each fraction. We evaluated also GTV-N volume and PTV-N volume. Doses to OAR were evaluated on the planning CT. We evaluated the inguinal vessels D1 cm3, V55 Gy, and V60 Gy. For the skin rim of the inguinal region, we evaluated D2 cm3, D1 cm3, and D0.1 cm3. We also recorded V60 Gy and V55 Gy for the body, SC, bowel. We reported the V60 and V55 Gy since the PD was 64 Gy/32 fx to the positive LN s, consequently these volumes reflect the high dose volumes.