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The Musculoskeletal System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Osteoporosis, sometimes referred to as osteomalacia, denotes increased porosity with softening of bones. This decrease in density results in brittleness and deformity accompanied by rheumatic pain. A bunion is a deviation of the big toe toward the second toe, with formation of a bursa and callus at the bony prominence of the first metatarsal bone.
Foot injuries
Published in Sebastian Dawson-Bowling, Pramod Achan, Timothy Briggs, Manoj Ramachandran, Stephen Key, Daud Chou, Orthopaedic Trauma, 2014
Atif Malik, Rob Moverley, Nick Cullen
The first metatarsal bone is larger, stronger and more mobile than the second and third. Therefore it is less prone to fracture. Its base forms the point of attachment of the tibialis anterior tendon inferomedially and the peroneus longus laterally. The dorsalis pedis and branches of the superficial peroneal nerve are at potential risk during surgical approaches to the first metatarsal.
The Foot
Published in Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause, Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause
After arising from the anterolateral surface of the tibia and the interosseous membrane, the tibialis anterior muscle becomes tendinous at the ankle, passing deep to the extensor retinaculum. Turning medially just beyond the ankle, the tibialis anterior tendon inserts upon the first cuneiform bone and the base of the first metatarsal bone. The tibialis anterior, supplied by the deep peroneal nerve (L4 motor fibers), functions to dorsiflex and invert the foot.
Replantation and simultaneous free-flap reconstruction of severely traumatic forefoot amputation: a case report
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
Kazufumi Tachi, Nobuko Hayashi, Akitatsu Hayashi, Takao Numahata
A 23-year-old man and steel factory worker presented to the emergency unit with an amputated left forefoot, having sustained direct dorsal impact by a heavy steel bar (1000 kg). The severed portion extended from first to fourth toe, demonstrating ragged devitalized muscles, tendons, and nerves along the first and second metatarsals/phalanges and third distal/middle phalanges (Figure 1(A–C)). The patient was taken to the operating room for attempted replantation and simultaneous free-flap coverage of the exposed wound. Devitalized tissues, including muscles, tendons, and the first metatarsal bone, were also radically debrided. Bony fixation was achieved using two Kirschner wires inserted through the first and second toes (Figure 1(D)). To revascularise the partial amputation, end-to-end arterial/venous anastomoses of dorsalis pedis and first dorsal metatarsal vessels with the interposed vein grafts harvested from the intact left leg, and direct end-to-end anastomosis of the greater saphenous vein were undertaken (Figure 2(A)). Immediately thereafter, the replanted foot appeared well vascularized.
Impact of combining medial capsule interposition with modified scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2020
Kosuke Ebina, Makoto Hirao, Hideki Tsuboi, Shoichi Kaneshiro, Masataka Nishikawa, Atsushi Goshima, Takaaki Noguchi, Hiroyuki Nakaya, Yuki Etani, Akira Miyama, Kenji Takami, Jun Hashimoto, Hideki Yoshikawa
Representative pre-operative and post-operative radiographs are shown in Figure 1. The amount of first metatarsal bone resection was determined to be equal to the length of overlap between the first metatarsal bone and the basal phalanx bone in the longitudinal direction as measured on a pre-operative foot radiograph in the standing position (Figure 1(a)). The hallux MTP joint gap was measured by the minimum distance between the proximal joint line at the axis of the basal phalanx bone and the first metatarsal head on foot radiographs in the standing position, pre-operatively (Figure 1(b)) and post-operatively (Figure 1(c)).
Modelling the complexity of the foot and ankle during human locomotion: the development and validation of a multi-segment foot model using biplanar videoradiography
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Jayishni N. Maharaj, Michael J. Rainbow, Andrew G. Cresswell, Sarah Kessler, Nicolai Konow, Dominic Gehring, Glen A. Lichtwark
Similar to the midfoot, forefoot motion of the JC and 6-DoF models was compared to kinematics of the first metatarsal bone tracked from BVR. The JC model demonstrated significantly (p < 0.01) smaller mean RMS differences in the sagittal plane motion compared to the 6-DoF model [JC: 2.73° (0.8 to 5.45); 6-DoF: 5.89° (1.93 to 15.9)]. The CMC scores indicated that the similarity in waveforms was also greater for the JC model (p < 0.01), ranging from weak to very good (0 to 0.93), compared to the weak to moderate similarity (0 to 0.69) between the 6-DoF and BVR data.