China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Anatomy of the Lower Face and Neck
Published in Neil S. Sadick, Illustrated Manual of Injectable Fillers, 2020
Evan Ransom, Stephen A. Goldstein
Innervation of the muscles of the lower face and neck is provided by two nerves, the facial nerve and the motor branch of mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. Facial nerve supply to the lower face and neck comes from the marginal mandibular and cervical branches, with variable connections to the buccal branch and its arcade (14). These nerves are generally very small and can easily be injured inadvertently when dissecting soft tissue planes. The cervical branch follows a steep descent after separating from the lower trunk, passing posterior to the mandibular ramus into the neck before angling more anteriorly to broadly innervate the platysma. Injury of the cervical branch has significantly less effects on facial symmetry than comparable injury of other branches, though complete transection can produce subtle asymmetries.
Surgical Anatomy of the Neck
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Laura Warner, Christopher Jennings, John C. Watkinson
The lowest branch of the facial nerve, the cervical branch supplies the platysma muscle. It can be identified travelling antero-inferiorly and may give off multiple branches. Injury to this branch can cause asymmetry of the corner of the mouth due to the contribution of the platysma to the movement of the lower lip.
A Modification of Laparoscopic Type C1 Hysterectomy to Reduce Postoperative Bladder Dysfunction: A Retrospective Study
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2019
Wei Jiang, Meirong Liang, Douxing Han, Hui Liu, Ling Li, Meiling Zhong, Lin Luo, Siyuan Zeng
In 2011, Cibula10 reported the use of the DUV as an anatomical landmark to define the resection margin, with fair results. The DUV has one cervical branch and two or three bladder branches.17 The majority of the pelvic branches of the inferior hypogastric plexus reside dorsally to the bifurcation of the DUV. Hence, bifurcation of the DUV provides an ideal anatomical landmark to preserve the autonomous nerve in NSRHs. In 2011, Cibula10 reported the use of the DUV as an anatomical landmark to define the resection margin, with fair results. The DUV has one cervical branch and two or three bladder branches.17 The majority of the pelvic branches of the inferior hypogastric plexus reside dorsally to the bifurcation of the DUV. Hence, bifurcation of the DUV provides an ideal anatomical landmark to preserve the autonomous nerve in NSRHs.
Emerging targets and uses of neuromodulation for pain
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2019
Beatriz Costa, Isadora Ferreira, Alisson Trevizol, Aurore Thibaut, Felipe Fregni
Data on the uses of VNS and tVNS for chronic pain are scant, but the demonstrated effects of the technique on pain-related brain areas underscores the use of VNS for chronic pain, primarily to strengthen the top-down inhibitory mechanism in central pain [61]. Regarding headaches and migraines, studies suggest a reduction of pain frequency or intensity during VNS [63–65]. In a single-arm, open-label study using cervical tVNS to the right cervical branch of the vagus nerve for two weeks in subjects with episodic migraines and chronic migraines, the authors reported pain relief, defined as ≥50% reduction in pain on a visual analog scale, in 56.3% (N = 27) and 64.6% (N = 31) of the subjects, 1 and 2 h after the stimulation protocol, respectively [66]. A 3-month randomized controlled trial on the use of tVNS for 4 h for chronic headache also demonstrated a significant reduction in headaches in comparison to an active control group, with pain relief reported by 29.4% of the subjects in the active tVNS group, as compared to 13.3% in the active control group [15].
The non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve: The clinical and surgical implication
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2021
Cissé Naouma, Koné Fatogoma Issa, Haïdara Abdoul Wahab, Kassim Diarra, N’faly Konaté, Kalifa Coulibaly, Siaka Soumaoro, Boubacary Guindo, Singaré Kadidiatou, Timbo Samba Karim, Mohamed Amadou Kéïta
The inferior laryngeal nerve is a cervical branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor, sensory and parasympathetic nerve fibers to the larynx [1,2]. The lower laryngeal nerves are the nerves of the sixth branchial arches. The ventral parts of these arches become the pulmonary arteries, leaving the nerves retained only by the remaining dorsal parts [2,5,6]. These dorsal parts regress, as do the fifth branchial arches, allowing the nerves to reproduce and rise below the fourth arches [2,5]. The fourth right and left arches respectively become the right subclavian artery and the aortic arch; this is considered normal embryological development [2].