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General Surgery
Published in Tjun Tang, Elizabeth O'Riordan, Stewart Walsh, Cracking the Intercollegiate General Surgery FRCS Viva, 2020
Rebecca Fish, Aisling Hogan, Aoife Lowery, Frank McDermott, Chelliah R Selvasekar, Choon Sheong Seow, Vishal G Shelat, Paul Sutton, Yew-Wei Tan, Thomas Tsang
How would you treat a branchial cleft cyst?Make a careful surgical excision.The first cleft opens at the angle of the mandible and passes through branches of the facial nerve.The second cleft (most common) opens at the anterior border of sternocleidomastoid (SCM) between carotid bifurcation.The third cleft opens at the lower border of SCM and passes behind the carotid artery.
Branchial cleft cysts
Published in Alisa McQueen, S. Margaret Paik, Pediatric Emergency Medicine: Illustrated Clinical Cases, 2018
This is a branchial cleft cyst. Branchial cleft anomalies may present as a cyst, sinus, fistula, or cartilaginous remnant. The majority are cystic structures arising from the region of the second branchial arch. Most present in the first or second decade of life but some are noted at birth. A branchial cleft cyst is usually located superior to the clavicle, along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and presents as a painless, mobile, fluctuant mass. The differential diagnosis includes cervical lymphadenopathy, dermoid cyst, and cystic hygroma fibrous dysplasia of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. A thyroglossal duct cyst will present in the midline or paramidline at or below the level of the hyoid bone.
Cysts of the jaws, face and neck
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
A branchial cleft cyst may clinically resemble a lymphoma of the neck such that a thorough history and physical examination is required to preliminarily distinguish these processes. Most commonly, the computed tomography (CT) scans will provide the distinction as the branchial cleft cyst contains fluid while a lymph node containing cancer would be solid.
Prevalence of cystic metastases in a consecutive cohort of surgically removed branchial cleft cysts
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2022
Lalle Hammarstedt Nordenvall, Evelina Jörtsö, Mathias von Beckerath, Edneia Tani, Sushma Nordemar, Rusana Bark
A retrospective analysis was performed where patients were identified with NOMESCO surgical procedure code ENB40 (Excision of lateral branchial cleft cyst- or fistula) in the ORBIT® operation booking system (WM-data, Stockholm, Sweden). These patients had all undergone surgical treatment for BrCC beginning 1 December 2003 and ending 31 December 2019. The data from the patients’ charts were extracted from the Karolinska’s electronic patient medical record, TakeCare®. Medical record review was then performed with follow-up ending 21 January 2020. Patient records were obtained and all patients with pre-operative diagnosis of BrCC were included in the study. After reviewing the medical records of all 586 patients, 436 patients had undergone surgery based on an initial diagnosis of branchial cleft cyst and were included for final analysis (Figure 1). Altogether, 150 patients were excluded because they had other diagnosis than BrCC, such as thyroglossal neck cysts and neck fistulas, as well as incorrectly coded surgeries such as lipomas and parotid tumour (Table 1).
Cranial dermoid cyst with long-term development treated by ethanol sclerotherapy: a case report
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
Takeshi Kitazawa, Masato Shiba, Hiroyuki Nagaya, Shunsuke Yuzuriha
Ethanol sclerotherapy is widely performed for cystic masses. Baker’s cyst, branchial cleft cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst [8], and seroma [9] have reportedly been treated successfully using this method. Ethanol causes inflammatory reactions involving endothelial cells of the cyst wall, leading to fibrosis and cyst closure. Sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol has the benefit of technical simplicity and low cost compared to other sclerosants [10].
Lateral neck cyst as initial presentation of thyroid malignancy
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Lieze Vancraeynest, Sam Van Slycke
A mass in the lateral aspect of the neck may cause a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician. Cystic lateral neck masses in young adults are most often benign as the most frequent cause is a branchial cleft cyst. Branchial cleft cysts typically arise from the second branchial cleft and are mostly localized anterior of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. It most frequently becomes symptomatic in the second or third decades of life [2].