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Hybrid Energy Systems for O&G Industries
Published in Yatish T. Shah, Hybrid Energy Systems, 2021
A combination of two or more renewable energy sources or a renewable source with storage is more effective than the single source system in terms of cost, efficiency, and reliability (see Figure 8.4). Often it pays to retain some conventional sources as a backup. Ericson et al. [7] points out that we can easily reduce the need for fossil fuels by properly choosing a combination of renewable energy sources. The combination of two or more energy sources, working together in order to compensate for each other, is designated as a hybrid energy system. Sometimes this includes a storage system particularly if only one renewable source is used. The main advantage of a hybrid energy system is the enhancement of reliability and the cost-benefit of the system. Due to the fact that some renewable energy sources such as Solar Radiation and Wind are, most of the times, intermittent, and they are frequently combined with other power sources such as utility grid, diesel generators, or storage systems. The objective is to ensure the continuous supply of power.
Neocolonial or not?
Published in Sharlissa Moore, Sustainable Energy Transformations, Power, and Politics, 2018
An important aspect of achieving fruitful North-South collaboration is the setting of mutual priorities. A key mutual priority and potential mutual benefit between North and South Mediterranean is to ensure the security and reliability of electricity supply in a system with high levels of renewable energy penetration. Proponents of Mediterranean electricity integration frame it as a “win-win solution,” in part because of mutual supply security. While security of supply has various definitions (Winzer, 2012), I narrowly define it as the 24-7 availability of electricity supply free of political or technological disruption. Elsewhere, I have argued that Morocco’s energy security would be better understood using a polysemic definition of energy security that encompasses affordability and sustainable development in addition to availability and reliability of supply (Moore, 2017). However, in this chapter, I use a narrower definition because it reflects a mutual priority from the perspectives of the actors. I found that from a technological standpoint, improving the reliability of supply from intermittent renewable electricity can be accomplished by integrating grids. But from a political standpoint, a lack of trust and partnership dredges up issues related to the reliability of supplier countries and to the North-South-South politics that impede integration.
Applications of electricity generation by solar panels
Published in P. Dakin John, G. W. Brown Robert, Handbook of Optoelectronics, 2017
Electricity generation by solar energy has become a reality both for stand-alone applications and for grid-connected energy supply, but, at the time of writing, is currently being held aloft by generous subsidies. The future world energy mix will be diverse. Solar, because of its low maintenance requirement, unobtrusive nature, and ever-decreasing cost, is particularly well positioned to play an increasing role. As with many alternative energy schemes, it poses challenges for engineers to integrate intermittent energy sources with the grid, which will require intelligent power electronics, intelligent system design, and, as energy production by this means increases, a viable large-scale method of storing the energy. Perhaps, more than all other technologies, it also brings the real possibility of a future of energy security (abundant energy supply from the sun) with less human impact on our environment.
Mixed third-fourth order generalised integrator based PLL for grid integration of solar photovoltaic systems
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2023
Ojaswini A. Sharma, Amit V. Sant
In spite of their numerous advantages, wind and solar energy-based electric power generation has drawbacks due to their intermittent nature. This mandates the need for battery packs for increasing the reliability of power supply. Alternately, grid integration of renewable energy sources could be employed to ensure freedom from battery backup. Based on geographical topography, large solar or wind farms can be installed; or community-based setups can be developed in the form of rooftop installations. Recent advancements in power and signal electronics have significantly contributed to the growth of renewable energy-based electric power generation (Sant et al. 2013). The interconnection of these distributed energy resources (DERs) to the utility network helps in employing the electrical power, generated from renewable energy for satisfying consumer demand. Moreover, grid integration helps in managing the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources while ensuring a continuous supply of power to the consumers.
Robust control strategy for power/frequency regulation in autonomous microgrid system
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, typically have intermittent energy generation. The regular variations in atmospheric conditions like partial clouds, storms, rain, dust, and fog extraordinarily influence the power response of a PVG. These variables make sunlight-based radiations discontinuous, which affects the power generation abilities of the PVG. Consequently, in this case, partial shading on the panels because of unpredictable weather patterns has been acknowledged to examine the behavior of the IMG system. The wind speed is extremely reliant on weather patterns, therefore wind power availability is also not constant. Further, power from the ESSs also depends upon the charging state of the ESSs. For this situation, three different scenarios for wind, solar, and ESS power availability have been examined. Three different scenarios are simulated to show the power-frequency responses of the MG system, i.e. (a) No power available from the solar unit, (b) 50% wind power available as shown in Figure 11, (c) No power available from the flywheel and ultra-capacitor.
A noise-robust Koopman spectral analysis of an intermittent dynamics method for complex systems: a case study in pathophysiological processes of obstructive sleep apnea
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2023
Phat K. Huynh, Arveity R. Setty, Trung B. Le, Trung Q. Le
Intermittency is defined as the erratic alternations between periodic (i.e., regular and laminar) dynamics and chaotic (i.e., irregular and turbulent), commonly characterized by short bursts in the signal (Kantz & Schreiber, 2004). Intermittency also exists in the other form of chaotic dynamics called crisis-induced intermittency (Grebogi et al., 1987). Two groups of explanations have been proposed to clarify the origins of the intermittency phenomena. First, intermittency may originate from Hamiltonian chaos (Zaslavsky & Zaslavskij, 2005) and hydrodynamical systems (Bessaih et al., 2015). Second, intermittent behaviors can also arise from small control parameter fluctuations around critical values (Contoyiannis et al., 2002; Hramov et al., 2014). To avoid confusion between the non-intermittent dynamics mode of non-stationarity and the dynamical intermittency for fixed parameters of dynamical systems, the statistics of intermittent phases and chaotic bursts need to be studied (Kantz & Schreiber, 2004). The study of intermittent dynamics is considerably challenging. Bifurcation analysis from the governing equations is the classical approach to studying the system behaviors as the parameters are perturbed. However, there are increasing numbers of complex systems for which we have abundant measurement data from sensors but do not have access to the underlying parameterized governing equations. Hence, an interpretable data-driven method that accurately models the intermittent dynamics of high-dimensional complex systems with unknown governing equations is needed.