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Compensation in Power System
Published in Amitava Sil, Saikat Maity, Industrial Power Systems, 2022
Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is serially connected instead of shunt. It is able to transfer both active and reactive power to the system, permitting it to compensate for the resistive and reactive voltage drops – maintaining high effective X/R that is independent of the degree of series compensation. The source connected across the DC capacitor provides voltage and compensates for device losses. SSSC can be used to reduce the equivalent line impedance and enhance the active power transfer capability of the line. SSSC can also inject a voltage component, which is of the same magnitude but opposite in phase angle with the voltage developed across the line through the controlled source voltage. Thus, the effect of the voltage drop on power transmission is offset. The schematic diagram of SSSC is shown in Figure 19.7 using voltage source convertor.
Special Features of SimPowerSystems Models
Published in Viktor M. Perelmuter, Electrotechnical Systems, 2020
Run simulation. Note that with STATCOM reference voltage Vref=1, the active power changes from 8.7 to 10pu with the base power of 100MW at t=0.25s and the reactive power changes from -0.6 to 0.7 pu at t=0.5s. The first two axes of the scope UPFC show that the actual values of the powers follow the reference values with a delay of 0.1-0.15 s after the change in reference (Figure 6.98). It is seen that the STATCOM output voltage is nearly sinusoidal, whereas SSSC output voltage is much distorted.
Reactive Power Compensation
Published in Leonard L. Grigsby, and Distribution: The Electric Power Engineering Handbook, 2018
The DC bus of a STATCOM and of an SSSC can be connected together (Figure 19.20) to produce a device named the UPFC. It can exhibit the characteristics of both the STATCOM with shunt current injection, and the SSSC with series voltage injection, with added features. The device has 3 degrees of freedom, control of the reactive powers on the shunt and series connections, and of real power flowing through the common DC bus. This in turn allows real power injection on the shunt and series connections. The DC bus voltage is usually regulated from the shunt side, in a manner similar to a STATCOM.
Coordinated Design of FACTS Controller with PSS for Stability Enhancement Using a Novel Hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm – Nelder Mead Approach
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2021
Preeti Ranjan Sahu, Prakash Kumar Hota, Sidhartha Panda, Rajesh Kumar Lenka, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg
Nowadays, an increase in load demand and fuel cost encourages the interconnection of large generating stations to maintain a balance between generation and demand. The interconnection of the electric grid may introduce frequency deviation and electromechanical oscillations in a system that limits the power system’s full use. Such oscillation modes in the power system may lead the system toward dynamic instability [1]. With recent advancements in power electronics devices, VSC-based FACTS controller topology improves dynamic performance. The applications of the FACTS controller are power flow control, voltage control, improvement in power quality, flicker control, and reactive power compensation. Among all FACTS controllers, SSSC is proficient in controlling the line power flow [2]. The FACTS controller can act as inductive or capacitive reactance without affecting the quantity of line current. With these advantages, the SSSC can be an efficient solution for active and reactive power flow control in a long transmission line. Incorporating the SSSC in the power system improves reliability and reduces power oscillation damping [3–7]. The power system stabilizer (PSS) deployment has a fundamental concern due to its suitable influence on damping local modes of oscillations. PSS is one of the long-proven and effective methods for damping electromechanical oscillations [8–11].
Effects of SSSC and TCSC for enhancement of power system stability under different fault disturbances
Published in Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2020
Qurratul Ain, Emad Jamil, Salman Hameed, Kumail Hasan Naqvi
The SSSC is a series-connected synchronous voltage source device which can change the capacitive and inductive transmission line by injecting a voltage and hence power flow can be controlled by increasing or decreasing according to the requirement. These series injected voltage is in quadrature phase-lag or phase-lead with respect to the line current. Figure 4 shows the fundamental configuration of the SSSC. It consists of VSI which convert a dc voltage into three-phase ac voltage, coupling transformer which is used to integrate the SSSC with the test system, a DC capacitor and controller (Rai et al. 2011; Wang and Truong 2013; Wang and Vo 2013). The voltage injects in the transmission line is in quadrature to line current, and it is given as:
A New Static Synchronous Series Compensator Control Strategy Based on RBF Neuro-Sliding Mode Technique for Power Flow Control and DC Voltage Regulation
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2018
Lionel Leroy Sonfack, Godpromesse Kenné, Andrew Muluh Fombu
Today, more than ever before, we are facing problems of grid congestion and limitations of power flow in electric power transmission systems due to deregulating electricity markets. With the advent of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices, a new family of power electronic equipments for controlling and optimizing the dynamic performance of power systems has emerged as a better alternative to the fixed compensated transmission system. FACTS devices are capable of increasing transmission capability, controlling power flows through predefined corridors and ensuring the security of energy transactions [1]. Among the different variants of FACTS devices, the operating characteristics of the Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) makes it very attractive for power flow control. An SSSC is a series FACTS device which is connected in series with a power system. It consists of a solid-state voltage source converter (VSC) which generates a controllable alternating current voltage at fundamental frequency. When the injected voltage is kept in quadrature with the line current, it can emulate an inductive or capacitive reactance so as to influence the power flow through the transmission line [1].