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Development of Green Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitors
Published in Hatem M.A. Amin, Ahmed Galal, Corrosion Protection of Metals and Alloys Using Graphene and Biopolymer Based Nanocomposites, 2021
Victoriya Vorobyova, Olena Chygyrynets, Margarita Skiba
As one of these sources, we can use products of grapes processing—pomaces (from the Vitis vinifera family). Grape pomace is an industrial waste from the wine process and it consists of grape seeds, skin and stems (∼ 18–20 kg/100 kg of grapes). The successful utilization of this natural waste may also provide an option for resource recovery. The pomace of grapes, which contain many chemical compounds, can be used as VCI. In the literature, one finds no information about possible applications of the grape pomace and its extracted compounds for the development of VCI. Some works have investigated corrosion inhibition of grape pomace extract on steel in acidic solutions; however, the constituents that provide inhibitive action, the mechanisms and the best condition for inhibition are still unclear.
Next Generation of Agro-Industrial Lignocellulosic Residues to Eco-Friendly Biobutanol
Published in Maniruzzaman A. Aziz, Khairul Anuar Kassim, Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar, Aminaton Marto, Syed Anuar Faua’ad Syed Muhammad, Fossil Free Fuels, 2019
Nurhamieza Md. Huzir, Maniruzzaman A. Aziz, Shahrul Ismail, Bawadi Abdullah, Nik Azmi Nik Mahmood, Noor Azrimi Umor, Syed Anuar Faua’ad Syed Muhammad
As for grape (Vitis vinifera) and apple (Malus sp.), both substrates have long been identified as being involved with fermentation to produce wine and cider, respectively. After the fruits have been pressed to extract their juice, the pomace left aside is the solid residue, consisting of the skin, pulp and seed of the fruit. In the cider and winemaking industries, the pomace is used as animal feed or fertilizer, but much of the waste is sent to landfill [85]. These pomaces have a high moisture content of up to 70–75% and they are also high in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values, which require the proper handling of the waste as it can cause environmental problems [86]. Hence, several studies suggested the used of pomace primarily in bioethanol and, recently, the use of it in the production of biobutanol. Law and Gutierrez [87] used white grape pomace and the addition of yeast in submerged fermentation with the help of Clostridium saccharobutylicum P262, where 6 g/L biobutanol was produced. Meanwhile, apple pomace is capable of obtaining a higher concentration of biobutanol than white grape pomace, which is as much as 9.11 g/L [88]. Even though only a slight amount was produced, these pomaces have already proved their possibility to be used as biobutanol sources.
Extraction, Isolation and Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Waste Generated by the Olive Oil Industry
Published in Quan V. Vuong, Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural and Food Waste, 2017
J. Lozano-Sánchez, I. Cea Pavez, E. González-Cáceres, H. Núñez Kalasic, P. Robert Canales, A. Segura Carretero
Olive pomace, which consist of olive pulp, skin, stone and water, is an inexpensive biomass that is generated in large quantities in Mediterranean countries. Its commercial value depends on its oil and water content. The olive pomace obtained through two- phase extraction procedure may be differentiated by the higher moisture and lower oil content than from the three-phase centrifugation procedure (Kapellakis et al. 2008). For this reason, the two-phase decanter is more efficient and environmental- friendly process than compared to the three-phase system (Frankel et al. 2013). Studies have been aimed at reducing the environmental impact of olive pomace and/ or harnessing its potential economic value. Olive pomace is used as fuel, fertilizer or animal feed. Nevertheless, the profitability of olive pomace treatment plants is still in doubt because these activities represent a very small percentage of the olive pomace produced (Frankel et al. 2013).
Drying of tomatoes and tomato processing waste: a critical review of the quality aspects
Published in Drying Technology, 2021
Nikita S. Bhatkar, Shivanand S. Shirkole, Arun S. Mujumdar, Bhaskar N. Thorat
The application of dehydration to the waste generated in the tomato processing industry also yields products as promising as that of actual tomatoes and in a way forms a strong pillar in the valorization of tomato wastes. The processing waste includes a major chunk of pomace including seed, peels, fibrous parts, pulp residue. These wastes contain a high amount of bioactive such as lycopene and phenolic compounds. The dried tomato processing waste contains about 510.6 mg/kg of lycopene and 95.6 mg/kg of β-carotene, and 1229.5 mg of Gallic acid equivalent/kg (GAE/kg) of total phenolic compounds suggesting its use as a potential feed for extraction of these bioactive compounds.[4] The initial moisture content of these by-products is in the vicinity of 66-67% on wet basis with tomato skin and seeds accounting for 61.5% and 38.5% of the total pomace, respectively. This waste when dried could be a potential food ingredient for the development of functional food.[5] Similarly, Paulino et al.[6] suggested the use of flour developed from the drying of pomace as an ingredient for functional food. Previtera et al.[7] used dried pomace powder to enrich tomato puree.
Determination of combustion characteristics of olive pomace biodiesel – Eurodiesel fuel mixtures
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
A. Engin Özçelik, Mustafa Acaroğlu, Hüseyin Köse
The homeland of olive (Olea europaea L.), a member of the Oleaceae family, is Upper Mesopotamia and South Asia, including the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Today, olive pomace is the residue of olive oil factories, an important biomass in the Mediterranean countries. Olive pomace is the remaining olive pulp (also called olive cake) after the olives are squeezed in the olive oil enterprises (Azbar et al. 2004; Kosemura et al. 1997). This olive pulp, which is formed in the olive oil facilities, is collected in the olive pomace enterprises, the oil is obtained from olive pomace by physical and chemical methods (solvent extraction), and the remaining dried olive pulp can be used for various purposes such as pellet fuel, feed, compost and electricity production (Beken and Sahin 2011; Rajaeifar et al. 2016).
Bacterial cellulose synthesized with apple pomace enhanced by ionic liquid pretreatment
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2020
Wen Zhang, Jian-Jun Wang, Yuan Gao, Le-Le Zhang
Apple pomace is a byproduct of juice extraction industry, containing peel, seeds, and remaining solid parts. It represents about 25–35% of the weight of the fresh apple.[10] Every year, a large amount of apple pomace is produced with apple juice production. Unfortunately, only about 15–20% of apple pomace is used as fertilizer and fuel, and 10% is used as feed, the rest is simply disposed of, consequently, causing serious resource waste and environmental pollution.[11] Apple pomace is rich in carbohydrates, minerals and other nutrients.[10–13] Piwowarek et al.[14–16] demonstrated the possibility of using apple pomace as a potential carbon source in the process of fermenting propionic-acetic and propionic acid. The cellulose contained in apple pomace can be converted into sugar in small molecules, which can be used as a kind of economical carbon resource for BC synthesis. Even the trace minerals in apple pomace can be used up by micro-organisms for their growth. Magyar et al.[17] studied the utilization of apple pomace for conversion to ethanol at industrial relevant conditions. The ethanol yields were 134 g per kg of dry apple pomace, which showed that apple pomace is an excellent feedstock for producing ethanol. Song et al.[18] used the treated apple pomace as a liquid state substrate to produce citric acid, the yield of which reached about 256 g per kg dried apple pomace. With the advantages of lower BC production costs, saving natural resources and reducing environmental pollution, the utilization of apple pomace for BC production will enjoy economic and environmental significance.